{"id":1869,"date":"2024-11-05T12:35:48","date_gmt":"2024-11-05T22:35:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dictionnaire-cep.upf.pf\/notice-cep\/de-gaulle-et-le-choix-dune-bombe-francaise-1945-1960\/"},"modified":"2026-01-15T04:21:03","modified_gmt":"2026-01-15T14:21:03","slug":"de-gaulle-et-le-choix-dune-bombe-francaise-1945-1960","status":"publish","type":"notice-cep","link":"https:\/\/dictionnaire-cep.upf.pf\/tah\/notice-cep\/de-gaulle-et-le-choix-dune-bombe-francaise-1945-1960\/","title":{"rendered":"De Gaulle \u2019e te m\u0101\u2019itira\u2019a i te tahi paura \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b Far\u0101ni (1945 &#8211; 1960)"},"content":{"rendered":"<!--themify_builder_content-->\n<div id=\"themify_builder_content-1869\" data-postid=\"1869\" class=\"themify_builder_content themify_builder_content-1869 themify_builder tf_clear\">\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_xscp52 tb_first tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_6h9x52 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_wau652   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h2 class='separator-section-1'>Page 1<\/h2>\n<p>Mai te pitira\u2019a o te tama\u2019i rahi o te ao nei, i te taime \u2019a pe\u2019e ai te fa\u2019atere o te fenua Far\u0101ni i te nu\u2019ura\u2019a o te mahu\u0101toa \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b \u2019e tae atu i te f\u0101ra\u2019a o te paera\u2019a o te r\u0113p\u016bpir\u012bta, taime i fa\u2019aoti ai te peretiteni m\u0101t\u0101mua \u2019ia f\u0101na\u2019o te fenua Far\u0101ni i te tahi moiha\u2019a \u2019arora\u2019a p\u0101p\u016b \u2019ei t\u0101pa\u2019o n\u014d t\u014dna fa\u2019ati\u2019a-fa\u2019ahou-ra\u2019a \u2019e \u2019ei r\u0101ve\u2019a n\u014d t\u014dna ti\u2019am\u0101ra\u2019a, e ti\u2019ara\u2019a upo\u2019o\u2019aha rahi t\u014d de Gaulle t\u0101ne i roto i teie ha\u2019amatara\u2019a fa\u2019aruri-\u2019\u0113-ra\u2019a mana\u2019o a te hau Far\u0101ni. Ter\u0101 r\u0101, e\u2019ere teie \u2019\u0101\u2019amu i te mea tupu \u2019\u014dhie noa.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>De Gaulle t\u0101ne \u2019e te \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b hou te paera\u2019a o te Hau \u00a0R\u0113p\u016bpir\u012bta<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>I te taime \u2019a topa ai \u2019o <em>Little boy<\/em> i ni\u2019a i te \u2019oire n\u014d Hiroshima i te 6 n\u014d \u2019\u0101tete n\u014d te matahiti 1945, \u2019ua \u014d ato\u2019a mai te hauri\u2019ari\u2019a \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne mai t\u014d te ao t\u0101\u2019\u0101to\u2019a. I ni\u2019a i t\u014dna ti\u2019ara\u2019a peretiteni o te Hau R\u0113p\u016bpir\u012bta Far\u0101ni tau poto, \u2019ua parau \u2019oia i tei riro mai \u2019ei hun\u014d\u2019a n\u014d na, te t\u014dm\u0101n\u0101 de Boissieu t\u0101ne : \u201cE mea h\u0101hano mau \u0101 teie mahu\u0101toa \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b t\u0101 Goldsmith t\u0101ne i fa\u2019ahiti mai i\u0101\u2019u ra ; i te roara\u2019a o teie tama\u2019i \u2019ua tai\u0101 noa vau \u2019ia \u2019ite m\u0101t\u0101mua atu te Purutia, hou a\u2019e te Marite \u2019e fifi rahi roa mai ai te fenua Peret\u0101ne.\u201d\u2019Ua fa\u2019a\u014dhia atu te \u2019aiihit\u0113mia Bertrand a Goldschmidt t\u0101ne, p\u012bahi n\u0101 Marie a Curie vahine, i roto i te \u2019\u014dpuara\u2019a Manhattan. \u2019Ua tupu atu te reira n\u0101 roto i te tahi tere o te t\u0113nerara i Ottawa, i te 11 n\u014d tiurai 1944, \u2019e \u2019ua fa\u2019ahiti atu \u2019oia i te nu\u2019ura\u2019a a te mau hau t\u0101\u2019ati. \u2019Ua \u2019ite p\u0101p\u016b \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne i te faufa\u2019a o te mau \u2019ohipa fa\u2019ehau e tupu ra\u00a0: \u201cM\u0101uruuru roa, \u2019ua m\u0101ramarama maita\u2019i au.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>I te \u2019\u0101va\u2019e \u2019\u0101tete n\u014d te matahiti 1945, \u2019ua fa\u2019aue r\u016b atu \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne ia Boissieu t\u0101ne, \u2019oia t\u0113 horo ra n\u0101 ni\u2019a i te pua\u2019ahorofenua e te ti\u2019ahau Marite \u201c \u2019ia \u2019ite \u2019oi\u2019oi \u2019oia e aha mau na te hope\u2019ara\u2019a. Parau mau, e mahu\u0101toa ri\u2019ari\u2019a mau teie, ter\u0101 r\u0101, peneia\u2019e e tano paha e ha\u2019am\u0101tautau,\u2019e \u2019ia roa\u2019a ia t\u0101tou i te fa\u2019a\u2019ohipa i teie mahu\u0101toa i te tau tama\u2019i, \u2019ua ora maita\u2019i \u00efa te mau moiha\u2019a tama\u2019i \u201d. \u2019Ua fa\u2019aineine te ti\u2019ahau Marite i te tahi turu n\u014d te arata\u2019i i te pirita\u2019ara\u2019a p\u0101p\u016b \u2019ore e vai nei i rotop\u016b i n\u0101 fenua e piti i te pae n\u014d te turuturu autaea\u2019era\u2019a \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b, mai te fa\u2019atatira\u2019a mana e te mau t\u0101u\u2019aparaura\u2019a noa\u00a0: \u201c Mai te \u2019ana\u2019anatae te tahi ra\u2019atira fa\u2019ehau piri ia de Gaulle t\u0101ne, \u00ab\u00a0\u2019ua ineine roa vau n\u014d te fa\u2019af\u0101rerei i\u0101na i te \u2019aifatu fa\u2019ehau \u201d. E mea n\u0101 reira te mau Far\u0101ni i te f\u0101ri\u2019ira\u2019a mai i \u201cte mau ha\u2019am\u0101ramaramara\u2019a m\u0101t\u0101mua \u201d i ni\u2019a i te mau hope\u2019ara\u2019a o te mau tauiha\u2019a tama\u2019i \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b.<\/p>\n<p>\u2019Ua ha\u2019amauhia te P\u016b m\u0101\u2019imira\u2019a ito \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b (CEA) e de Gaulle t\u0101ne n\u014d t\u014dna mau hepohepo n\u014d te nu\u2019u fa\u2019ehau, ter\u0101 r\u0101 i te taime iho \u0101 \u2019a ha\u2019amauhia ai taua P\u016b ra, \u2019ua \u2019ore ato\u2019a te fa\u2019a\u2019ohipara\u2019a \u2019e tae noa atu i t\u014dna mana. Teie r\u0101, \u2019ua mono \u2019o Guillaumat t\u0101ne ia Dautry t\u0101ne, i te matera\u2019a atu teie, i te matahiti 1951, \u2019ei fa\u2019atere rahi, \u2019ua \u2019itehia mai e ana i te tahi r\u0101ve\u2019a n\u014d\u00a0te feruri i te mahu\u0101toa \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b\u00a0: tei raro a\u2019e te CEA i te fa\u2019aterera\u2019a a te peretiteni o te T\u014dmite rahi, e ti\u2019ara\u2019a t\u012bvira e ti\u2019am\u0101ra\u2019a t\u014dna i te pae o te fa\u2019aterera\u2019a \u2019e i te pae o te faufa\u2019a, tei fa\u2019a\u2019ohie i te mau ha\u2019am\u0101u\u2019ara\u2019a inaha, \u2019aita e faufa\u2019a e t\u012btau fa\u2019ahou i te ta\u2019ata hi\u2019opo\u2019a n\u014d te mau ha\u2019am\u0101u\u2019ara\u2019a. Hau atu, e f\u0101ri\u2019ihia te mau fa\u2019anahora\u2019a a te nu\u2019u fa\u2019ehau.<\/p>\n<p>I te tau fifi \u2019e te hepohepo, \u2019ua uiui haere \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne, ma te mau r\u0101ve\u2019a e rave rau, n\u014d te nu\u2019ura\u2019a o te ihi anoha\u2019a \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b. \u2019Ua ti\u2019a atu \u2019oia i te matahiti 1946 i te vauvaura\u2019a parau a te t\u0101pa\u2019o pae Ailleret t\u0101ne, <em><u>X \u2019e te \u00ab\u00a0\u2018\u014drurehau\u00a0\u00bb<\/u><\/em>, tei fa\u2019atere i te mauha\u2019a tama\u2019i ta\u2019a\u2019\u0113 o te nu\u2019u fa\u2019ehau \u2019e \u2019o tei f\u0101ri\u2019i pinepine i\u0101na \u2019ia tere \u2019oia n\u0101 Pari. E fa\u2019aarahia atu te t\u0113nerara e Olivier a Guichard t\u0101ne, ti\u2019a \u2019\u0101pe\u2019e i te arata\u2019ira\u2019a a de Gaulle t\u0101ne, e rohi i te CEA, i ni\u2019a i te feafeafau a te mau fa\u2019aterera\u2019a o te R\u0113p\u016bpir\u012bta n<sup>a <\/sup>4 i mua i te mana\u2019o fa\u2019ata\u2019ara\u2019a e fa\u2019ahitihia ra e Christian a Pineau t\u0101ne, fa\u2019aterehau n\u014d te mau \u2019ohipa \u2019e\u2019\u0113 a Guy Molet i te T\u014dmite o te p\u0101rurura\u2019a a te Hau i te 30 n\u014d \u2019\u0113per\u0113ra 1957 :\u00a0 \u201c 1\u00b0) E h\u0101mani \u0101nei t\u0101tou i t\u0101 t\u0101tou iho mau mahu\u0101toa 2\u00b0) \u2019Aore ra e fa\u2019a\u2019ohipa\u00a0 t\u0101tou i te mau mahu\u0101toa e h\u014dpoihia mai e v\u0113r\u0101 m\u0101, \u00a0te mea ia e fifihia ra, i teie taime, i te tao\u2019a p\u0101to\u2019ihia e te ture marite.\u201d <span id='footnote-ref-1' class='footnote-ref'><a href='#footnote-1'>[1]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p>E piti noa taime t\u014d de Gaulle t\u0101ne h\u014dro\u2019ara\u2019a atu, i mua i te n\u016bna\u2019a, i t\u014dna mana\u2019o i ni\u2019a i te mahu\u0101toa \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b. I te 16 n\u014d m\u0101ti 1950, \u2019ua p\u0101hono atu \u2019oia i te tahi p\u0101pa\u2019i ve\u2019a mai te mea ra t\u0113 rohi ra \u2019oia, \u201c \u2019Aita t\u0101\u2019u e paura \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b. I roto i t\u014d t\u0101tou nei ao, i te tahi taime, t\u0113 t\u0101tarahapa nei au.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><\/a><\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_5u9752 last\">\n                    <!-- module plain text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-plain-text tb_ero052 \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module plain text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_wsua658 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_l6tv658 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_31qg658   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h2 class='separator-section-2'>Page 2<\/h2>\n<p>E maha matahiti i muri iho, i te uiui-ra\u2019a-hia atu i ni\u2019a i te \u2019\u014dpuara\u2019a o te <em>\u2019Autahira\u2019a \u2019Europa o te P\u0101rurura\u2019a<\/em>, \u2019ua ha\u2019ap\u0101p\u016b \u2019oia i t\u0101na p\u0101to\u2019ira\u2019a i te parau fa\u2019aau e \u2019\u0101mui ra i te mau nu\u2019u ato\u2019a, n\u0101 reira te mau nu\u2019u \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b ato\u2019a, n\u014d te fa\u2019ahepora\u2019a ti\u2019am\u0101 \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b.<\/p>\n<p>Te fa\u2019aaura\u2019a a te <em>CED <\/em>\u201cmai te peu e fa\u2019ari\u2019ihia te reira\u00a0e \u2019ore te mana o te fenua Far\u0101ni n\u014d te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 tau e 50 matahiti, te aura\u2019a ra, mai teie atu \u0113 a muri noa atu, i te f\u0101na\u2019ora\u2019a i\u0101na iho\u201d, e \u2019\u014dpani-roa-hia \u00efa \u201cte f\u0101na\u2019ora\u2019a i te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 noa a\u2019e mahu\u0101toa \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>I nau \u2019\u0101va\u2019e hope\u2019a o te Mahara\u2019a o te R\u0113p\u016bpir\u012bta, \u2019ua fa\u2019atetei te fenua Marite \u2019ia ha\u2019aputuhia i ni\u2019a i te fenua Far\u0101ni, te tahi mau<em> t\u016bpita pao f\u0101ito tanotano (IRBM)<\/em> \u2019e te tahi mau mahu\u0101toa \u2019imi f\u0101 \u00ab\u00a0i p\u014dnao-piti-hia\u00a0\u00bb ma te p\u0101ruru h\u014dpe\u2019a i te mau mauiha\u2019a tama\u2019i \u2019e te fa\u2019aho\u2019ira\u2019a i te tahi turuturu autaea\u2019era\u2019a i ni\u2019a i te pat\u014dra\u2019a \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b n\u0101 raro i te moana, tei \u2019ore roa e p\u0101ruruhia e te <em>ture McMahon Act<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>\u2019Ua fa\u2019ari\u2019ihia te fa\u2019ateteira\u2019a nei, i ha\u2019apurorohia i te <em>\u2019\u0101paraura\u2019a a te OTAN <\/em>i Pari mai te 16 \u2019e tae atu i te 19 n\u014d t\u012btema i te matahiti 1957.<\/p>\n<p>I te \u2019\u0101va\u2019e n\u014d fepuare n\u014d te matahiti 1958, \u2019ua m\u0101uruuru te p\u0101pa\u2019i parau rahi t\u0101mau o te p\u016b P\u0101rurura\u2019a a te hau (Fa\u2019aterera\u2019a hau o te P\u0101rurura\u2019a) i te mau \u201ct\u016br\u0113nira\u2019a i te pae o te \u2019\u0100t\u014dm\u012b\u201d : \u201c \u2019Ua fa\u2019atupu te mau t\u0101u\u2019aparaura\u2019a i arata\u2019ihia e t\u0101 t\u0101tou mau v\u0101na\u2019a tae noa atu i te mau v\u0101na\u2019a \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b Marite i te fa\u2019ahiahia n\u014d te mau anira\u2019a ha\u2019am\u0101ramaramara\u2019a i te pae o te \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b (v\u0101hi t\u0101matamatara\u2019a ha\u2019am\u0101o\u2019a t\u016bpita, pah\u012b hopu moana) <span id='footnote-ref-2' class='footnote-ref'><a href='#footnote-2'>[2]<\/a><\/span>. \u2019Ua vai \u2019amaha noa r\u0101 te mau ti\u2019a fa\u2019aoti Far\u0101ni i ni\u2019a i te parau o te \u2019\u014dpuara\u2019a n\u014d te tahi t\u016bpita Far\u0101ni. I te 6 n\u014d fepuare i te matahiti 1958, i te T\u014dmite o te p\u0101ruru, t\u0113 fa\u2019ari\u2019i nei \u2019o Pineau t\u0101ne \u00ab\u00a0e mana\u2019o fa\u2019ateitei mau te parau fa\u2019aineine \u2019ia fa\u2019ahi\u2019ohia atu \u2019ei mana\u2019o maita\u2019i te \u2019\u014dpuara\u2019a maitata\u2019i tei matara mai. E au ra e parau fafau huru t\u0101\u2019\u014dti\u2019a ri\u2019i teie\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Mai te peu, t\u0113 hina\u2019aro ra \u2019o Pfimlin t\u0101ne (fa\u2019arava\u2019ira\u2019a faufa\u2019a \u2019e t\u0101pura faufa\u2019a) e h\u014dro\u2019a i te ti\u2019ara\u2019a faufa\u2019a m\u0101t\u0101mua o te tama\u2019i i te fenua \u2019\u0100reteria \u2019eiaha r\u0101 i te \u201ctama\u2019i t\u0101umi noa atu i te pitopito\u201d, t\u0113 mana\u2019o nei \u2019o Chaban t\u0101ne \u201c e \u2019ohipa hape mau i te t\u016b\u2019atira\u2019a atu i teie nei fa\u2019auera\u2019a (fenua \u2019Aret\u0113ria) \u2019e te vaiiho atu i te tahi atu mau \u2019ohipara\u2019a i te mau Hau t\u0101\u2019ati.\u00a0\u00bb T\u0113 nanau nei \u2019oia \u2019ia p\u0101pa\u2019ihia mai te tahi rata e fa\u2019ature nei i te ha\u2019aputura\u2019a o te mau ha\u2019am\u0101ramaramara\u2019a i h\u014dro\u2019ahia mai, ta\u2019a\u2019\u0113 atu i te hi\u2019o-fa\u2019ahou-ra\u2019a a te <em>ture McMahon Act<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Hou te hi\u2019ara\u2019a o te Hau, \u2019ua f\u0101ri\u2019i \u2019o F\u00e9lix a Gaillard t\u0101ne i te ha\u2019aputura\u2019a i te mahu\u0101toa Marite i te mana\u2019ora\u2019a i te tahi ti\u2019am\u0101ra\u2019a i roto i te mau \u2019aitauira\u2019a ha\u2019am\u0101ramaramara\u2019a i ni\u2019a i te \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b ma te ti\u2019aturi i te hi\u2019o-fa\u2019ahou-ra\u2019a i <em>te ture McMahon Act<\/em>, ma te \u2019ore e ha\u2019amute i te mau m\u0101\u2019imira\u2019a Far\u0101ni i ni\u2019a i te mahu\u0101toa \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b, \u2019\u0101re\u2019a r\u0101, \u2019ua tu\u2019urima ho\u2019i \u2019oia i te fa\u2019aotira\u2019a n\u014d te 22 n\u014d \u2019eper\u0113ra 1958 tei fa\u2019aoti i te f\u0101 nei, te t\u016bpitara\u2019a m\u0101t\u0101mua i te matahiti 1960.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>Te ta\u2019ara\u2019a i te matahiti 1958 : \u201c \u2019Eiaha t\u0101tou e t\u0101mau i te \u2019ohipa \u2019\u0101mui i te pae o te \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b \u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 I t\u014dna taera\u2019a i roto i te tumu \u2019ohipa, \u2019ua f\u0101f\u0101 atu \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne i te \u2019\u014dpuara\u2019a \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b Far\u0101ni \u2019e t\u014dna huru f\u0101ito i te fenua n\u014d \u2019Europa <span id='footnote-ref-3' class='footnote-ref'><a href='#footnote-3'>[3]<\/a><\/span> m\u0101. \u2019Ua fa\u2019atupu te parau fa\u2019aaura\u2019a Far\u0101ni-Heremani i tu\u2019urimahia i te 17 n\u014d t\u0113nuare n\u014d te matahiti 1957, \u00ab i te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 turuturu autae\u2019ara\u2019a o te mau atamanava fa\u2019ehau \u2019e t\u014d te mau moiha\u2019a tama\u2019i \u201d <span id='footnote-ref-4' class='footnote-ref'><a href='#footnote-4'>[4]<\/a><\/span>. \u2019Ua fa\u2019anava\u2019ihia e te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 hono\u2019a parau huna, i te 8 n\u014d \u2019\u0113per\u0113ra n\u014d te matahiti 1958 o t\u0113 mito e 3 a\u2019e fenua t\u0113 fa\u2019ata\u2019a i te tahi faufa\u2019a n\u014d te p\u016b fa\u2019ata\u2019ara\u2019a hu\u2019ahu\u2019a \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b i Pierrelatte : e 45%, n\u0101 te fenua Far\u0101ni \u2019e te fenua Heremani, 10%<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_8fq6658 last\">\n                    <!-- module plain text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-plain-text tb_7u8u658 \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module plain text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_bj1d837 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_412i837 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_mr2a837   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h2 class='separator-section-3'>Page 3<\/h2>\n<p>n\u014d te fenua \u2019\u012at\u0101ria e te t\u0101tuha\u2019ara\u2019a \u2019aif\u0101ito, \u2019ia au te f\u0101ito \u2019aufaura\u2019a, i te \u2019urani\u016bmu hau n\u014d te h\u0101manira\u2019a i te t\u016bpita H. Te mana\u2019o \u2019o \u2019Europa, \u2019ei pa\u2019epa\u2019e i te turu Marite, e r\u0101ve\u2019a ato\u2019a \u00efa n\u014d te fa\u2019ahepo ia Washington n\u014d te hi\u2019o-fa\u2019ahou-ra\u2019a i te ture <em>McMahon Act<\/em>. Inaha ho\u2019i, i te \u2019\u014dmuara\u2019a o te matahiti 1958, rave rahi mau tere \u2019ohipa Far\u0101ni i tupu i ni\u2019a i te tahua t\u0101matamatara\u2019a ha\u2019am\u0101o\u2019a t\u016bpita i Nevada.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E fa\u2019a\u0101tea \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne i\u0101na iho i teie \u2019\u014dpuara\u2019a a \u2019Europa. I te taime mau o te \u2019\u0101po\u2019ora\u2019a a te P\u016b P\u0101rurura\u2019a a te Hau i te 17 n\u014d tiunu n\u014d te matahiti 1958 <span id='footnote-ref-5' class='footnote-ref'><a href='#footnote-5'>[5]<\/a><\/span>, \u2019ua fa\u2019ata\u2019ata\u2019a t\u0101mau \u2019oia i te parau : \u201c \u2019Eiaha t\u0101tou e t\u0101mau i te \u2019ohipa \u2019\u0101mui n\u014d te tuha\u2019a o te \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b, tuha\u2019a e ti\u2019a roa ia t\u0101tou i te p\u016btohe\u201d. \u2019Ua t\u0101hemo \u2019oia i te turuturu autaea\u2019era\u2019a \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b e \u2019o Ronetona \u2019e \u2019ua vaiiho ia Couve de Murville t\u0101ne, fa\u2019aterehau o te mau \u2019ohipa \u2019e\u2019\u0113, \u2019ia t\u0101hiti i te mau \u2019\u014dpuara\u2019a fenua ra\u2019itu\u0101ta\u2019a, h\u014d\u2019\u0113 t\u016bpita n\u014d \u2019Europa e t\u0101ta\u2019itoru te ataata : e ha\u2019afifi roa atu teie i te t\u0101h\u014d\u2019\u0113ra\u2019a o te Fenua Heremani ; e fa\u2019atupu i te tama\u2019i e te fenua R\u016btia; e ha\u2019afifi roa te tahi \u201c turuturu autaea\u2019era\u2019a \u00a0n\u014d teie tumu parau e te Fenua Marite\u201d <span id='footnote-ref-6' class='footnote-ref'><a href='#footnote-6'>[6]<\/a><\/span>. \u2019Ei fa\u2019aotira\u2019a, e t\u016bmahae roa \u2019o Guillaumat t\u0101ne i te parau faufa\u2019a a Chaban t\u0101ne i ni\u2019a i te turuturu autaea\u2019era\u2019a fenua Far\u0101ni-fenua Heremani :\u2019aita te CEA e f\u0101ri\u2019i ra i te mana o te fa\u2019aaura\u2019a parau Strauss &#8211; Chaban-Delmas i ni\u2019a i te\u2019ohipa-\u2019\u0101mui-ra\u2019a i te tuha\u2019a o te paura \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 I te pae o te Marite, i taua \u2019\u0101po\u2019ora\u2019a ato\u2019a ra, \u2019ua fa\u2019ahepo \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne \u201c \u2019ia tu\u2019uhia i te mau tauiha\u2019a tama\u2019i i raro a\u2019e i te mana o te Hau Far\u0101ni\u201d \u2019e \u2019ia t\u016b\u2019atihia \u2019o Pari i n\u0101 pae \u201c ha\u2019api\u2019ira\u2019a \u2019e fa\u2019a\u2019ohipara\u2019a \u201d i te \u201c tupura\u2019a o te tama\u2019i \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b \u201d. T\u0113 p\u0101to\u2019i ra \u2019\u014dna i te mau fa\u2019ahope\u2019ara\u2019a poritita e fa\u2019atupuhia e te mau t\u016b\u2019ati-\u2018ore-ra\u2019a o te mau ihi anoha\u2019a, mai te tau o te fa\u2019aterera\u2019a i raro a\u2019e i te Maha o te R\u0113p\u016bpir\u012bta : \u201c \u2019Eiaha e ha\u2019amata mai tei raup\u0101hia mai, e hi\u2019o fa\u2019ahou mai r\u0101 mai te \u2019\u014dmuara\u2019a, \u2019ia fifi noa atu .\u201d\u2019Ua fa\u2019aau te t\u0101pura fa\u2019aotira\u2019a i te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 turuturu autaea\u2019era\u2019a i ferurihia mai te tahi auturuturu mai te mea ra e ti\u2019ara\u2019a ihi, e ti\u2019ara\u2019a poritita tuea t\u014d Washington \u2019e t\u014d Pari,\u2019e ti\u2019a roa te OTAN i te riro mai mai te tahi faufa\u2019a Far\u0101ni ma Marite :<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>E ti\u2019a roa \u2019ia tomo atu t\u0101tou i roto i te fa\u2019anahora\u2019a o te atamanava o te tama\u2019i \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b,<\/li>\n<li>E ti\u2019a roa \u2019ia honohia te Fenua Far\u0101ni i te mau m\u0101\u2019imira\u2019a \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b Marite i te pae fa\u2019ehau,<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>5. E ti\u2019a roa \u2019ia t\u016b ato\u2019a t\u0101tou ma te t\u0101\u2019\u014dti\u2019a \u2019ore i \u00a0roto i te fa\u2019anahora\u2019a o te\u00a0 ravera\u2019a SACEUR\u201d.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Maoti te ti\u2019ahau Jacques a Martin t\u0101ne tei t\u0101u\u2019aparau e rau \u2019\u0101va\u2019e e te fenua Marite, i t\u0101mau noa ai \u2019o De Gaulle t\u0101ne i te m\u0101ramarama noa i te nu\u2019ura\u2019a o te mau t\u0101u\u2019aparaura\u2019a. Mai te 02 n\u014d tiurai n\u014d te matahiti 1958, \u2019o Ronetona noa t\u0113 f\u0101na\u2019o i te hi\u2019o-fa\u2019ahou-ra\u2019a-hia i te <em>McMahon Act<\/em>\u00a0 tei fa\u2019anahohia n\u014d te mau p\u016bai fenua ato\u2019a i nu\u2019u i te pae o te \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b. Teie r\u0101, \u2019aore roa e fa\u2019auera\u2019a n\u014d te fa\u2019ahemora\u2019a <span id='footnote-ref-7' class='footnote-ref'><a href='#footnote-7'>[7]<\/a><\/span><a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\"> <\/a><span id='footnote-ref-8' class='footnote-ref'><a href='#footnote-8'>[8]<\/a><\/span> i fa\u2019ataehia ia Martin t\u0101ne ra. E t\u0101mata \u2019o De Gaulle t\u0101ne i te 5 n\u014d tiurai n\u014d te matahiti 1958, e te p\u0101pa\u2019i parau rahi Marite John Foster a Dulles t\u0101ne, i t\u014dna terera\u2019a mai i Pari. T\u0113 ha\u2019amana\u2019o ra \u2019o Couve t\u0101ne i te huru au maita\u2019i ma te t\u0101pa\u2019o i te mutura\u2019a o n\u0101 hi\u2019ora\u2019a e piti : n\u014d Dulles t\u0101ne e ti\u2019a roa \u2019ia manuia te maita\u2019i a te p\u016bai Marite, \u2019aita \u00efa te reira e fa\u2019ata\u2019a i te tahi p\u0101rahira\u2019a n\u014d te hina\u2019aro o te t\u0113nerara de Gaulle t\u0101ne i te \u2019\u012britira\u2019a mai i te fenua Far\u0101ni i taua fa\u2019a\u2019erera\u2019a\u00a0<span id='footnote-ref-9' class='footnote-ref'><a href='#footnote-9'>[9]<\/a><\/span> ra. T\u0113 fa\u2019atetei nei \u2019o Dulles t\u0101ne e piti t\u0101viri \u2019e te tahi tauturu i roto i te ha\u2019amaura\u2019a<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_0t9f837 last\">\n                    <!-- module plain text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-plain-text tb_olmc837 \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module plain text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_adya571 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_1alk571 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_gijt571   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h2 class='separator-section-4'>Page 4<\/h2>\n<p>i te mau m\u0101tini \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b n\u014d te mau pah\u012b hopu n\u0101 raro i te moana. Te t\u0101pa\u2019o nei \u2019o De Gaulle t\u0101ne i te faufa\u2019a o te \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b fa\u2019ehau i roto i te t\u0101pura ha\u2019amara\u2019ara\u2019a i te\u00a0 fenua : \u201c Tei ni\u2019a t\u0101tou i te \u2019\u0113\u2019a \u2019ia riro t\u0101tou \u2019ei p\u016bai \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b, \u2019oia ho\u2019i, t\u0113 \u2019ore roa e t\u016b\u2019ati i t\u0101 \u2019outou \u2019aore ra t\u0101 R\u016btia. E \u2019ohipa \u2019\u0101va\u2019e noa teie. Tei p\u0101p\u016b r\u0101 : e fatu iho \u0101 m\u0101tou i te mahu\u0101toa \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b <span id='footnote-ref-10' class='footnote-ref'><a href='#footnote-10'>[10]<\/a><\/span>\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>Fa\u2019aotira\u2019a ti\u2019a \u2019e te mau hope\u2019ara\u2019a o te ta\u2019ara\u2019a : h\u014d\u2019\u0113 t\u016bpita \u2019Europa n\u014d te fa\u2019at\u012bani ia Washington ?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u2019Aita \u0101 \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne i f\u0101ri\u2019i atu ra i te mau rurira\u2019a ihi \u2019e te mau rurira\u2019a ihi anoha\u2019a e vai ra i rotop\u016b ia Washington r\u0101ua \u2019o Pari, t\u0113 ani ra \u2019oia i te tahi huru porititara\u2019a : \u2019ia mana te reo o te Fenua Far\u0101ni i ni\u2019a i te parau o te fa\u2019a\u2019ohipara\u2019a i te mau p\u016bai \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b i \u2019Europa <span id='footnote-ref-11' class='footnote-ref'><a href='#footnote-11'>[11]<\/a><\/span>. T\u0113 \u2019\u014dpua ra \u2019oia e ha\u2019amau i te tahi \u2019avei\u2019a \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b a te OTAN i rotop\u016b i te mau Hau p\u016bai e t\u016bpita t\u0101 r\u0101tou n\u014d te fa\u2019ata\u2019a \u2019\u0113 i te fenua Far\u0101ni i te toe\u2019a \u2019o \u2019Europa. \u2019Ua fa\u2019aturehia te reira mana\u2019o i roto i te tahi p\u0101pa\u2019i mana i te 17 n\u014d tetepa n\u014d te matahiti 1958. \u2019Aore r\u0101 \u2019o Ronetona, \u2019aore ato\u2019a \u2019o Washington i hina\u2019aro noa a\u2019e e \u2019\u012briti i t\u0101 r\u0101ua <em>Special Relationship <\/em>i te tahi mero hou. I muri atu i te matahiti 1960, e pati \u2019o Adenauer t\u0101ne i te ha\u2019amaura\u2019a i te tahi \u2019avei\u2019a e \u2019\u0101mui i n\u0101 Hau e 5, amouta\u2019a i\u00a0 fa\u2019aoti e fa\u2019a\u2019ohipa i te mahu\u0101toa \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b,\u00a0 i te p\u016b o te OTAN ; \u2019ua vaiiho noa \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne \u2019ia tupu, ma te ti\u2019aturi \u0113 e\u2019ita te Hau Purutia e hau atu i te maita\u2019i ia Far\u0101ni i\u00a0 te \u2019\u012britira\u2019a mai i te mau Peret\u0101ne mai roto mai i t\u0101 r\u0101tou pororua <span id='footnote-ref-12' class='footnote-ref'><a href='#footnote-12'>[12]<\/a><\/span>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p>\u2019Aita e r\u0101ve\u2019a \u2019\u0113 atu t\u0101 de Gaulle t\u0101ne maoti r\u0101 te f\u0101ri\u2019ira\u2019a i te p\u0101to\u2019ira\u2019a o te fa\u2019atetei. I te rurura\u2019a n\u014d te p\u0101rurura\u2019a i tupu i te 31 n\u014d t\u0113nuare n\u014d te matahiti 1959, t\u0113 pe\u2019ape\u2019a ra \u2019oia i te ma\u2019irira\u2019a o te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 \u201c aupupu hau ti\u2019ama\u201d, tei tu\u2019u roa atu i te Fenua Far\u0101ni i mua i te tupura\u2019a o te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 tama\u2019i \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b tei \u2019ore roa i fa\u2019aotihia e ana. \u201c\u2019Aore ho\u2019i te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 fenua rahi e f\u0101ri\u2019i \u2019ia topa t\u014dna mana fa\u2019ata\u2019a i roto i te rima o te tahi atu fenua noa atu t\u014d r\u0101ua piri \u2019e t\u014d r\u0101ua fa\u2019atau\u2019ara\u2019a .\u201d\u00a0<span id='footnote-ref-13' class='footnote-ref'><a href='#footnote-13'>[13]<\/a><\/span>I muri mai i teie ahata\u2019aria t\u014d te t\u0113nerara n\u014d\u00a0te f\u0113ti\u2019i de\u00a0Gaulle, ti\u2019a feruri i te fa\u2019a-ruri-\u2019\u0113-ra\u2019a mana\u2019o Far\u0101ni, e tano ai \u2019oia e na i teie fa\u2019atahurira\u2019a mai te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 m\u0101\u2019itira\u2019a ra\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0I raro a\u2019e i te fa\u2019aterera\u2019a a te Maha o te R\u0113p\u016bpir\u012bta, \u2019ua riro te hu\u2019ahu\u2019a \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b \u2019ei turu i te p\u016bai o te fa\u2019atau\u2019ara\u2019a. N\u014d te t\u0113nerara de Gaulle t\u0101ne, e\u2019ere roa atu te reira\u00a0: \u2019ua riro te hu\u2019ahu\u2019a \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b \u2019ei r\u0101ve\u2019a n\u014d te t\u0101u\u2019a-\u2019ore-ra\u2019a i te fa\u2019atau\u2019ara\u2019a.\u00a0\u00bb \u00a0<\/p>\n<p>I te t\u014dmite p\u0101rurura\u2019a n\u014d te 12 n\u014d novema n\u014d te matahiti 1958, e pae \u2019\u0101va\u2019e i muri atu i te ha\u2019amo\u2019era\u2019a i te \u2019\u014drama o te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 t\u016bpita \u2019Europa, \u2019ua ha\u2019amana\u2019o \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne i teie \u2019ohipa tano \u2019a \u0101tea noa atu ai te turu a te Marite. \u2019Ua fa\u2019ahepohia \u2019o Guillaumat t\u0101ne e vauvau atu i \u201c te mau faufa\u2019a \u2019e te mau fifi o te \u2019\u0101parau-fa\u2019ahou-ra\u2019a i teie tumu parau e te mau Heremani \u201d. \u2019Ua fa\u2019a\u0101tea te fa\u2019aterehau o te nu\u2019u i te t\u0101\u2019\u0101to\u2019ara\u2019a o te \u2019\u0101muira\u2019a i ni\u2019a i teie t\u016bpita, tei piri roa i te oti-hope-ra\u2019a, noa atu \u201c te t\u012ba\u2019ira\u2019a i te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 ho\u2019onara\u2019a t\u0113 t\u0101po\u2019i roa i te mau ha\u2019am\u0101u\u2019ara\u2019a \u2019e te fa\u2019atupura\u2019a. \u201d Teia r\u0101, n\u014d t\u014dna pe\u2019ape\u2019a i te t\u0101rifa o te t\u016bpita H, \u2019aita te fa\u2019aterehau \u2019\u0101p\u012b o te nu\u2019u e t\u0101hiti i te mana\u2019o e \u2019\u0101mui i te mau fa\u2019atupuha\u2019ara\u2019a faufa\u2019a n\u014d te mahu\u0101toa h\u0101manihia e te \u2019urani\u016bmu hau i Pierrelatte : \u00ab mai te peu pa\u2019i e vai te tahi tauturu p\u0101p\u016b mai te Fenua \u2019\u012at\u0101ria mai \u2019e te Fenua Heremani mai i roto i teie p\u016b hamanira\u2019a mahu\u0101toa \u00bb, e hamani \u2019oia i te mau mahu\u0101toa n\u014d \u2019Europa \u00bb\u00a0<span id='footnote-ref-14' class='footnote-ref'><a href='#footnote-14'>[14]<\/a><\/span>. \u2019Aita roa atu \u2019o Guillaumat t\u0101ne e \u2019ite i te tahi noa a\u2019e fifi \u2019ia au te hi\u2019ora\u2019a fa\u2019ehau \u201d \u2019e, i te pae poritita r\u0101, t\u0113 ani ra \u00efa \u2019\u014dna \u201c mai te peu e fa\u2019a\u2019\u014dhiehia t\u014d t\u0101tou pirira\u2019a atu \u00a0i n\u0101 tauiha\u2019a tama\u2019i<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_1wrt571 last\">\n                    <!-- module plain text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-plain-text tb_76jn571 \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module plain text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_y2yt738 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_eb7c738 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_y5zb738   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h2 class='separator-section-5'>Page 5<\/h2>\n<p>Marite e toru \u201d. \u2019Aita \u2019o Couve t\u0101ne i fa\u2019ahiti noa a\u2019e i t\u014dna mana\u2019o, \u2019ua mam\u0101 \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne i te t\u0101u\u2019aparaura\u2019a.<\/p>\n<p>E mea iti te pe\u2019ape\u2019a \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne n\u014d te mau ha\u2019am\u0101u\u2019ara\u2019a, \u2019ia fa\u2019aauhia i te taime i fa\u2019ata\u2019ahia n\u014d te t\u012btau i te tahi p\u016bai tama\u2019i tano. N\u014d reira, i hea e tu\u2019u ai te faufa\u2019a o te t\u016btavara\u2019a\u00a0? Te t\u016bpita \u2019aore ra te mau matini uta mahu\u0101toa, e au n\u014d te fa\u2019aruri-\u2019\u0113-ra\u2019a mana\u2019o, ma te \u2019ite p\u0101p\u016b \u0113, e r\u0101ve\u2019a noa te Mirage IV, i ha\u2019amatahia i te hamani e te Hau n\u014d mua mai, t\u0113 riro i te fifi \u2019\u014dhie noa i mua i te mau \u2019enemi i te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 t\u016bpita e paohia \u00a0mai raro atu i te moana\u00a0? E fa\u2019ahu\u2019ahu\u2019a atu \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne i te mau tatarara\u2019a i te pae o te mau anoha\u2019a i mua i te t\u014dmite p\u0101ruru o te 13 n\u014d m\u0101ti i te matahiti 1959. \u00a0E ha\u2019am\u0101ramarama atu \u2019o Francis a Perrin t\u0101ne, te t\u014dmitera teitei n\u014d te CEA, i te mau tua t\u0113 \u2019ore roa e ti\u2019a i te ha\u2019ar\u014dromahia \u2019e tae atu ai i te t\u016bpita H\u00a0: E 23 \u2019e tae atu i te 25 kiro purutoni\u016bmu n\u014d te h\u0101mani i te tahi m\u0101tini e f\u0101ito i te hope\u2019ara\u2019a 15 kiro ana\u2019e. T\u0113 rave nei te putu uira G1, 10 i te matahiti h\u014d\u2019\u0113, te putu uira G2 r\u0101, tei taui i te \u2019\u0101va\u2019e n\u014d tiurai, e ha\u2019amata \u2019oia i te putu i te hope\u2019ara\u2019a o te matahiti 1959. \u2019Ua ani \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne i te maorora\u2019a i roto i te t\u012btaura\u2019a i te purutoni\u016bmu \u2019e te pa\u2019a\u2019inara\u2019a. T\u0113 fa\u2019a\u2019ite ra \u2019o Couture t\u0101ne, te fa\u2019atere tahito n\u014d Pierrelate, \u2019e mono ho\u2019i n\u014d Guillaumat t\u0101ne i te ti\u2019ara\u2019a t\u0101vana hau nui, i te f\u0101ito moni 2,5 \u2019e tae roa atu i te 3 miri\u0101 hau n\u014d te ha\u2019apa\u2019ari i te p\u0101no\u2019ono\u2019o \u2019ore o te \u2019ohipara\u2019a \u2019e n\u014d te t\u0101matara\u2019a i te \u2019ohi mai i te mau \u2019\u014dfa\u2019i \u00ab\u00a0scorie\u00a0\u00bb, \u2019ei reira e fa\u2019atupu ai i te t\u016bpitara\u2019a m\u0101t\u0101mua, e 3 \u2019\u0101va\u2019e i muri a\u2019e i te roa\u2019ara\u2019a mai te purutuni\u016bmu. Teie te fa\u2019aotira\u2019a a de Gaulle t\u0101ne, te t\u016bpita n\u0101 mua roa, noa atu e tauihia te t\u016b\u2019atira\u2019a i te p\u016bai tama\u2019i. Te poritita n\u0101 mua roa hou te fa\u2019anahora\u2019a n\u014d te fa\u2019atupu.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>1959 : te h\u0101ro\u2019ara\u2019a i te mau fa\u2019ahepora\u2019a o te ti\u2019am\u0101ra\u2019a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>I te \u2019\u014dmuara\u2019a o te matahiti, t\u0113 mara\u2019a noa ra te ti\u2019aturira\u2019a maoti te mau nu\u2019ura\u2019a a te CEA t\u0113 fa\u2019ahanahana ra i te f\u0101 o te ha\u2019apa\u2019a\u2019inara\u2019a paura \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b m\u0101t\u0101mua i te ha\u2019amatara\u2019a o te matahiti 1960. T\u0113 ha\u2019ati\u2019aturi noa ra teie hi\u2019ora\u2019a i te mea \u0113 e f\u0101na\u2019o te fenua Far\u0101ni i te hi\u2019o-fa\u2019ahou-ra\u2019a i te <em>McMahon Act<\/em>, \u2019ia au i te mau tu\u2019ura\u2019a i ravehia e te mau Peret\u0101ne, n\u014d te p\u016b\u2019oira\u2019a o te t\u0101pura \u2019ohipa, te t\u016bpita H \u2019e te mau m\u0101tini uta mahu\u0101toa. I te \u2019\u0101va\u2019e n\u014d t\u0113nuare 1959, e arata\u2019i roa teie mana\u2019o vare ia Guillaumat t\u0101ne i roto i te hape e 6 matahiti i te maoro i ni\u2019a i te puta t\u0101pa\u2019o mahana o te t\u016bpita H(1962) : \u201c E ha\u2019ap\u016boho mau a\u2019e te mau tohura\u2019a mai te peu e fa\u2019ari\u2019i, \u00a0i te taime mau i reira, n\u0101 roto i te tupura\u2019a, e riro mai te fenua Far\u0101ni \u2019ei P\u016bai \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b, te Fenua Marite, mai tei ravehia na n\u014d te Fenua Peret\u0101ne, e toro r\u0101tou i te tahi turu anoha\u2019a nava\u2019i n\u014d te rave-vitiviti-ra\u2019a, m\u0101 te ha\u2019am\u0101u\u2019ara\u2019a m\u0101m\u0101 a\u2019e, te h\u0101manira\u2019a i t\u0101 t\u0101tou mau tauiha\u2019a mahu\u0101toa ahu \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b\u00a0<span id='footnote-ref-15' class='footnote-ref'><a href='#footnote-15'>[15]<\/a><\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2019Oia mau, i te \u2019\u0101va\u2019e n\u014d fepuare \u2019e te \u2019\u0101va\u2019e n\u014d m\u0101ti 1959, \u2019ua vaiiho noa \u2019o Washington i te ti\u2019aturira\u2019a i te tahi mau parau \u2019\u0101p\u012b. E iti te hina\u2019aro \u2019o te piha a te Hau e p\u0101to\u2019i i te mau rurira\u2019a moni. \u2019Ua fa\u2019anaho \u2019o Bertrand a Goldsmith t\u0101ne i te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 tere i te \u2019\u0101va\u2019e fepuare n\u014d te fa\u2019aaura\u2019a i te tahi m\u0101tini h\u014d ito \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b n\u014d te pah\u012b hopu n\u0101 raro i te moana \u2019e te ho\u2019ora\u2019a atu i te \u2019urani\u016bmu hau.\u00a0<span id='footnote-ref-16' class='footnote-ref'><a href='#footnote-16'>[16]<\/a><\/span> I ni\u2019a i taua mau fa\u2019aotira\u2019a ra te hau fenua i te fa\u2019aotira\u2019a e turumoni n\u014d te patura\u2019a i te p\u016b fa\u2019ata\u2019ara\u2019a hu\u2019ahu\u2019a \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b n\u014d Pierrelatte, noa atu \u0101 te mara\u2019ara\u2019a o t\u014dna moni ho\u2019o. \u2019Oi\u2019oi roa te mau moemoe\u0101 i te m\u0101ui : \u2019Ua t\u0101\u2019\u014dti\u2019a te firi\u2019a n\u014d te 7 n\u014d m\u0113 1959 i te turu Marite n\u014d te h\u0101manira\u2019a i te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 m\u0101tini pah\u012b hopu moana \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b \u2019e i te h\u0101ponora\u2019a i te \u201c h\u014d\u2019\u0113 i ni\u2019a i te toru rahira\u2019a o tei \u2019\u014dpuahia \u201d\u00a0<span id='footnote-ref-17' class='footnote-ref'><a href='#footnote-17'>[17]<\/a><\/span>. \u2019Oia mau, i te reira taime, \u2019ua t\u0101pa\u2019o te t\u0113nerara i t\u014dna ti\u2019am\u0101ra\u2019a ma te fa\u2019aara, i te<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_aehw738 last\">\n                    <!-- module plain text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-plain-text tb_dvx7738 \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module plain text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_haw3554 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_52rp554 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_wt5r554   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h2 class='separator-section-6'>Page 6<\/h2>\n<p>\u2019\u0101va\u2019e n\u014d m\u0101ti, i te \u2019\u012britira\u2019a o te nu\u2019u fa\u2019ehau Far\u0101ni mai te pupu o te mau fa\u2019atere o te OTAN n\u014d M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Ma te \u2019ore e fa\u2019a\u2019ore roa i te turu a te Marite, \u2019ua t\u0101pa\u2019o maita\u2019i \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne i te mau hope\u2019ara\u2019a poritita o teie \u2019\u014dmitomito. I te 25 n\u014d m\u0113 1959, \u2019ua fa\u2019aara \u2019o Eisenhower t\u0101ne \u0113 t\u0113 p\u0101to\u2019i nei \u2019\u014dna i te mana\u2019o e vaiiho mai i te mau tauiha\u2019a tama\u2019i \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b t\u0101 te Marite i p\u014dnao p\u0101p\u016b i te Fenua Far\u0101ni <span id='footnote-ref-18' class='footnote-ref'><a href='#footnote-18'>[18]<\/a><\/span>. T\u0113 f\u0101ri\u2019i ra r\u0101 \u2019oia \u2019ia f\u0101na\u2019o te mau p\u016bai Far\u0101ni e ti\u2019a ra i te Fenua Heremani i te mau tauiha\u2019a tama\u2019i Marite. T\u0113 fa\u2019ati\u2019ati\u2019a noa ra \u2019oia i te turu-\u2019ore-ra\u2019a Marite. I te mea e f\u0101ri\u2019i \u2019oia ia Eisenhover t\u0101ne i te 3 n\u014d tetepa 1959, i Rambouillet, e fa\u2019ahiti atu \u2019oia i te tumu parau ra i roto i te mau t\u0101u\u2019aparaura\u2019a noa. N\u0101 roto i te tahi huru auparaura\u2019a, \u2019aita \u2019oia e fa\u2019ahiti ra i t\u014dna hina\u2019aro mau, e tupu r\u0101 ho\u2019i.\u00a0 \u00a0\u2019Ua \u2019\u014dm\u016bm\u016b \u2019\u014dna : \u201c E \u2019ohipa ma\u2019ama\u2019a paha \u00efa te ha\u2019am\u0101u\u2019ara\u2019a te fenua Far\u0101ni i teie tino moni n\u014d te heheu atu \u0113 e mau mea i \u2019ite-\u2019\u0113-hia na e te mau Hau t\u0101\u2019ati n\u0101 reira ato\u2019a te mau fenua t\u0113 riro mai \u0101nei \u2019ei \u2019enemi \u201d. \u2019Ua \u2019\u014dhumu \u2019\u014dna : \u201c \u2019A tau\u2019\u0101parau ana\u2019e na t\u0101tou i ni\u2019a i te Ture Mac-Mahon ! \u2019Ua ti\u2019a roa i\u0101\u2019u i te taui i te papa ture nui a te Fenua F\u0101rani i te taime \u2019a \u2019ite ai au, \u2019aita roa i au maita\u2019i.\u201d N\u014d te fa\u2019ahope, \u2019ua \u2019\u014drure \u2019oia : \u201c T\u0113 parau mai ra \u2019outou, e mea ataata n\u014d\u2019u \u2019ia \u2019ite i te mau mea t\u0101 te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 tauatini t\u0101porari r\u016btia i \u2019ite a\u2019e na. E\u2019ita vau e f\u0101ri\u2019i i te reira parau. E fa\u2019aherehere te Fenua Far\u0101ni i te hia\u2019ai o t\u014dna mana \u201d <span id='footnote-ref-19' class='footnote-ref'><a href='#footnote-19'>[19]<\/a><\/span>. E piti \u2019\u0101va\u2019e i muri mai, i te 3 n\u014d novema 1959, \u2019ua f\u0101\u2019i \u2019\u014dia i te Ha\u2019api\u2019ira\u2019a nu\u2019u fa\u2019ehau e ti\u2019a roa i te Fenua Far\u0101ni i te ha\u2019amau i t\u0101na iho fa\u2019anahora\u2019a n\u014d te p\u016bai nu\u2019u \u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Te tomora\u2019a atu te Fenua Far\u0101ni i roto i te hui \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b ma te t\u016bpita <em>Gerboise bleu<\/em>, i te 13 n\u014d fepuare 1960, t\u0113 p\u0101p\u016b r\u0101 \u00efa te mana\u2019o vare o te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 fa\u2019a\u2019\u0101p\u012bra\u2019a i te <em>McMahon Act<\/em> n\u014d te faufa\u2019a o te Fenua Far\u0101ni. T\u0113 mana\u2019o ra te huito\u2019of\u0101 Anderson t\u0101ne, \u2019oia e peretiteni ra i te <em>Joint Committee on Atominc Energy, <\/em>i taua taime ra, \u201c E\u2019ere te t\u0101matamatara\u2019a \u2019\u014dtahi i te nu\u2019ura\u2019a fa\u2019ahiahia faufa\u2019a roa \u201d <span id='footnote-ref-20' class='footnote-ref'><a href='#footnote-20'>[20]<\/a><\/span>. E \u2019ita roa atu te Fenua Far\u0101ni, tei ti\u2019a i te turu a te Marite, e f\u0101na\u2019o atu i te tahi noa a\u2019e turu, mai te parau a te p\u0101pa\u2019i parau a te Hau Herter t\u0101ne, e\u2019ita ato\u2019a i ni\u2019a i te ravera\u2019a o te mau t\u0101matamatara\u2019a i raro i te h\u014dhonura\u2019a o te fenua <span id='footnote-ref-21' class='footnote-ref'><a href='#footnote-21'>[21]<\/a><\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>E\u2019ita teie fa\u2019atau-pup\u016b-ra\u2019a e fa\u2019atupu noa a\u2019e i te fa\u2019aotira\u2019a a te t\u0113nerara de Gaulle t\u0101ne e t\u0101mau i te t\u0101pura \u2019ohipa i fa\u2019ata\u2019ahia n\u014d te \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b \u2019e te ha\u2019amaura\u2019a i te mau v\u0101hi t\u0101matamatara\u2019a ha\u2019amao\u2019a t\u016bpita o t\u0101na e t\u012btau nei. H\u014d\u2019\u0113 tahua i raro i te fenua, n\u014d te te t\u016bpita A, ma te vitiviti ; h\u014d\u2019\u0113 ato\u2019a tahua ta\u2019a\u2019\u0113 i te \u0101tea n\u014d te t\u016bpita H, noa atu te t\u0101ere o te mau \u2019aiv\u0101na\u2019a \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b Far\u0101ni n\u014d taua \u2019ohipa ra (<u>de Gaulle t\u0101ne \u2019e te m\u0101\u2019itira\u2019a ia P\u014dr\u012bnetia<\/u>).<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>[Hoho\u2019a]<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>PARAU HUNA P\u0100P\u016a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T\u0113 vai ato\u2019a ra te tahi mau fa\u2019anahora\u2019a p\u0101p\u016b n\u014d te fa\u2019atupu i te tahi ha\u2019apa\u2019a\u2019inara\u2019a ahu \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b t\u0101matamatara\u2019a i te hope\u2019a matahiti 1962 \u2019aore ra i te \u2019\u014dmuara\u2019a matahiti 1963.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>I teie nei, e ti\u2019a \u2019ia ti\u2019aturihia \u0113, e fatu te fenua Far\u0101ni i te mahu\u0101toa ahu \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b mai te matahiti 1965. Ter\u0101 r\u0101, \u2019aita vau e ti\u2019aturi nei, i teie nei \u2019aore r\u0101 \u2019ia tae i te matahiti 1969, e noa\u2019a mai ia t\u0101tou i te tahi t\u016bpita pao \u2019\u014dmou \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b (IRBM) e ti\u2019a i te amo i te \u2019\u014dmou (ni\u2019ara\u2019a) Far\u0101ni.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u0113 \u2019ite nei t\u0101tou \u0113, mai te matahiti1964 \u2019e tae atu i te matahiti 1969, te manureva ana\u2019e te r\u0101ve\u2019a e fa\u2019a\u2019ohipa.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_5aw6554 last\">\n                    <!-- module plain text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-plain-text tb_p783554 \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module plain text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_fwgn377 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_o1fe377 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_15hx377   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h2 class='separator-section-7'>Page 7<\/h2>\n<p>N\u014d te reira, e \u014d mai te \u2019\u014dpuara\u2019a e h\u0101mani e 80 ti\u2019ahapa manureva ta\u2019ita\u2019i n\u014d te f\u0101na\u2019o i te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 rahira\u2019a e 50 manureva ineine noa.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>I taua \u00a0taime ra, e t\u0101mau m\u0101tou, \u2019e te turu Marite, i te mau m\u0101\u2019imira\u2019a \u2019e\u00a0 te mau fa\u2019atanora\u2019a o te mau t\u016bpita pao f\u0101ito tano (IRBM) \u2019Europa e \u2019\u014dmou \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b Far\u0101ni, tei oti i te h\u0101manihia i te matahiti 1969, o te riro i te t\u0101\u2019\u014dti\u2019ahia i te f\u0101ito e 40 \u2019\u0113\u2019a fa\u2019arevara\u2019a.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>E ha\u2019ap\u016boho tano a\u2019e teie \u2019\u014dpuara\u2019a mai te peu e fa\u2019ari\u2019ihia mai teie atu, \u2019ia au i te tupura\u2019a, \u2019ia riro mai te fenua Far\u0101ni \u2019ei P\u016bai \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b, te Fenua Marite, mai t\u0101 r\u0101tou i rave n\u014d te Fenua Peret\u0101ne, e horo\u2019a mai i te tahi turu anoha\u2019a nava\u2019i maita\u2019i n\u014d te ha\u2019atupu vitiviti roa, ma te ha\u2019am\u0101u\u2019ara\u2019a m\u0101m\u0101 a\u2019e, te h\u0101manira\u2019a i t\u0101 m\u0101tou mau mahu\u0101toa ahu \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b .<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u2014&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>P\u016b\u2019ohura\u2019a a te T\u014dmite P\u0101ruru n\u014d te 13 n\u014d m\u0101ti 1959 \u201cPoritita fa\u2019ehau tau roa : te mau t\u0101pura o te fa\u2019anahora\u2019a \u2019e o te mau mauha\u2019a tama\u2019i\u201d, \u2018api. 5. \u2019Ua vare \u2019o Guillaumat i ni\u2019a i te nu\u2019ura\u2019a o te mau m\u0101\u2019imira\u2019a n\u014d te t\u016bpita H,\u2019ua mana\u2019o mai \u2019\u014dna e hi\u2019opo\u2019ahia te Ture a McMahon \u2019ia ha\u2019apa\u2019a\u2019ina \u2019o Far\u0101ni i te t\u016bpita A, i te matahiti 1960.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_bih3377 last\">\n                    <!-- module plain text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-plain-text tb_tj5k377 \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module plain text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_dhk234 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_bwrg34 first\">\n                    <!-- module accordion -->\n<div  class=\"module module-accordion tb_rf4s735 iconographie\" data-behavior=\"toggle\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n    \n    <ul class=\"ui module-accordion separate  transparent\">\n            <li class=\"builder-accordion-active\">\n            <h2 class=\"accordion-title tf_rel\">\n                <a href=\"#acc-rf4s735-0\" class=\"tb_title_accordion\" aria-controls=\"acc-rf4s735-0-content\" aria-expanded=\"true\">\n                    <i class=\"accordion-icon tf_hide\"><svg  class=\"tf_fa tf-ti-angle-up\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#tf-ti-angle-up\"><\/use><\/svg><\/i>                    <i class=\"accordion-active-icon\"><svg  class=\"tf_fa tf-ti-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#tf-ti-angle-down\"><\/use><\/svg><\/i>                    Figure 1                <\/a>\n            <\/h2><!-- .accordion-title -->\n            <div id=\"acc-rf4s735-0-content\" data-id=\"acc-rf4s735-0\" aria-hidden=\"false\" class=\"accordion-content tf_clearfix\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tb_mg7c735\" itemprop=\"text\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column tb_20lt735 first\">\n                            <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tb_r1m7405\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-2 tb_z2h7406 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_z8ze496   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p>CR du Comit\u00e9 de d\u00e9fense du 13 mars 1959 \u00ab\u00a0Politique militaire \u00e0 long terme\u00a0: plans d\u2019organisation et d\u2019armement\u00a0\u00bb, p. 5. Guillaumat s\u2019illusionne sur l\u2019avancement de la recherche sur la bombe H en escomptant la r\u00e9vision du McMahon Act d\u00e8s que la France aura tir\u00e9 une bombe A, en 1960.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-2 tb_1l03406 last\">\n                    <div  class=\"module themify_builder_slider_wrap tf_clearfix module-slider tb_ix20130  slider-default themify_builder_slider_vertical \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"themify_builder_slider tf_carousel tf_swiper-container tf_rel tf_overflow\" data-lazy=\"1\"        data-visible=\"1\"\n        data-tab-visible=\"1\"\n        data-mob-visible=\"1\"\n        data-scroll=\"1\"\n                    data-nav_out=\"1\"\n                        data-speed=\"1\"\n        data-wrapvar=\"1\"\n        data-slider_nav=\"1\"\n        data-pager=\"0\"\n        data-effect=\"scroll\" \n        data-height=\"auto\"\n        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<\/div>\n<!--\/themify_builder_content-->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><h2 class='separator-section-8'>Page 1<\/h2> Mai te pitira\u2019a o te tama\u2019i rahi o te ao nei, i te taime \u2019a pe\u2019e ai te fa\u2019atere o te fenua Far\u0101ni i te nu\u2019ura\u2019a o te mahu\u0101toa \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b \u2019e tae atu i te f\u0101ra\u2019a o te paera\u2019a o te r\u0113p\u016bpir\u012bta, taime i fa\u2019aoti ai te peretiteni m\u0101t\u0101mua \u2019ia f\u0101na\u2019o te [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":1876,"menu_order":0,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[163],"tags":[],"autrice--auteur":[88],"chronologie":[164],"institution":[174,538,537],"nom-commun":[167,165,166],"nom-propre":[168,170,171,172],"class_list":["post-1869","notice-cep","type-notice-cep","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actrices-acteurs-tah","autrice--auteur-renaud-meltz-tah","chronologie-avant-1960-tah","institution-apooraa-o-te-parururaa","institution-apooraa-o-te-parururaa-2","institution-ture-mcmahon","nom-commun-relations-franco-americaines-tah","nom-commun-cooperation-tah","nom-commun-independance-strategique-tah","nom-propre-allemagne-tah","nom-propre-etats-unis-tah","nom-propre-pierre-guillaumat-1909-1991-tah","nom-propre-pierrelatte-usine-de-tah","has-post-title","has-post-date","has-post-category","has-post-tag","has-post-comment","has-post-author",""],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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CEP","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/dictionnaire-cep.upf.pf\/tah\/notice-cep\/de-gaulle-et-le-choix-dune-bombe-francaise-1945-1960\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"De Gaulle \u2019e te m\u0101\u2019itira\u2019a i te tahi paura \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b Far\u0101ni (1945 - 1960)","og_description":"Mai te pitira\u2019a o te tama\u2019i rahi o te ao nei, i te taime \u2019a pe\u2019e ai te fa\u2019atere o te fenua Far\u0101ni i te nu\u2019ura\u2019a o te mahu\u0101toa \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b \u2019e tae atu i te f\u0101ra\u2019a o te paera\u2019a o te r\u0113p\u016bpir\u012bta, taime i fa\u2019aoti ai te peretiteni m\u0101t\u0101mua \u2019ia f\u0101na\u2019o te 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peretiteni m\u0101t\u0101mua \u2019ia f\u0101na\u2019o te fenua Far\u0101ni i te tahi moiha\u2019a \u2019arora\u2019a p\u0101p\u016b \u2019ei t\u0101pa\u2019o n\u014d t\u014dna fa\u2019ati\u2019a-fa\u2019ahou-ra\u2019a \u2019e \u2019ei r\u0101ve\u2019a n\u014d t\u014dna ti\u2019am\u0101ra\u2019a, e ti\u2019ara\u2019a upo\u2019o\u2019aha rahi t\u014d de Gaulle t\u0101ne i roto i teie ha\u2019amatara\u2019a fa\u2019aruri-\u2019\u0113-ra\u2019a mana\u2019o a te hau Far\u0101ni. Ter\u0101 r\u0101, e\u2019ere teie \u2019\u0101\u2019amu i te mea tupu \u2019\u014dhie noa.<\/p> <p>\u00a0<\/p> <p>\u00a0<\/p> <p><strong>De Gaulle t\u0101ne \u2019e te \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b hou te paera\u2019a o te Hau \u00a0R\u0113p\u016bpir\u012bta<\/strong><\/p> <p>\u00a0<\/p> <p>I te taime \u2019a topa ai \u2019o <em>Little boy<\/em> i ni\u2019a i te \u2019oire n\u014d Hiroshima i te 6 n\u014d \u2019\u0101tete n\u014d te matahiti 1945, \u2019ua \u014d ato\u2019a mai te hauri\u2019ari\u2019a \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne mai t\u014d te ao t\u0101\u2019\u0101to\u2019a. I ni\u2019a i t\u014dna ti\u2019ara\u2019a peretiteni o te Hau R\u0113p\u016bpir\u012bta Far\u0101ni tau poto, \u2019ua parau \u2019oia i tei riro mai \u2019ei hun\u014d\u2019a n\u014d na, te t\u014dm\u0101n\u0101 de Boissieu t\u0101ne : \u201cE mea h\u0101hano mau \u0101 teie mahu\u0101toa \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b t\u0101 Goldsmith t\u0101ne i fa\u2019ahiti mai i\u0101\u2019u ra ; i te roara\u2019a o teie tama\u2019i \u2019ua tai\u0101 noa vau \u2019ia \u2019ite m\u0101t\u0101mua atu te Purutia, hou a\u2019e te Marite \u2019e fifi rahi roa mai ai te fenua Peret\u0101ne.\u201d\u2019Ua fa\u2019a\u014dhia atu te \u2019aiihit\u0113mia Bertrand a Goldschmidt t\u0101ne, p\u012bahi n\u0101 Marie a Curie vahine, i roto i te \u2019\u014dpuara\u2019a Manhattan. \u2019Ua tupu atu te reira n\u0101 roto i te tahi tere o te t\u0113nerara i Ottawa, i te 11 n\u014d tiurai 1944, \u2019e \u2019ua fa\u2019ahiti atu \u2019oia i te nu\u2019ura\u2019a a te mau hau t\u0101\u2019ati. \u2019Ua \u2019ite p\u0101p\u016b \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne i te faufa\u2019a o te mau \u2019ohipa fa\u2019ehau e tupu ra\u00a0: \u201cM\u0101uruuru roa, \u2019ua m\u0101ramarama maita\u2019i au.\u201d<\/p> <p>I te \u2019\u0101va\u2019e \u2019\u0101tete n\u014d te matahiti 1945, \u2019ua fa\u2019aue r\u016b atu \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne ia Boissieu t\u0101ne, \u2019oia t\u0113 horo ra n\u0101 ni\u2019a i te pua\u2019ahorofenua e te ti\u2019ahau Marite \u201c \u2019ia \u2019ite \u2019oi\u2019oi \u2019oia e aha mau na te hope\u2019ara\u2019a. Parau mau, e mahu\u0101toa ri\u2019ari\u2019a mau teie, ter\u0101 r\u0101, peneia\u2019e e tano paha e ha\u2019am\u0101tautau,\u2019e \u2019ia roa\u2019a ia t\u0101tou i te fa\u2019a\u2019ohipa i teie mahu\u0101toa i te tau tama\u2019i, \u2019ua ora maita\u2019i \u00efa te mau moiha\u2019a tama\u2019i \u201d. \u2019Ua fa\u2019aineine te ti\u2019ahau Marite i te tahi turu n\u014d te arata\u2019i i te pirita\u2019ara\u2019a p\u0101p\u016b \u2019ore e vai nei i rotop\u016b i n\u0101 fenua e piti i te pae n\u014d te turuturu autaea\u2019era\u2019a \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b, mai te fa\u2019atatira\u2019a mana e te mau t\u0101u\u2019aparaura\u2019a noa\u00a0: \u201c Mai te \u2019ana\u2019anatae te tahi ra\u2019atira fa\u2019ehau piri ia de Gaulle t\u0101ne, \u00ab\u00a0\u2019ua ineine roa vau n\u014d te fa\u2019af\u0101rerei i\u0101na i te \u2019aifatu fa\u2019ehau \u201d. E mea n\u0101 reira te mau Far\u0101ni i te f\u0101ri\u2019ira\u2019a mai i \u201cte mau ha\u2019am\u0101ramaramara\u2019a m\u0101t\u0101mua \u201d i ni\u2019a i te mau hope\u2019ara\u2019a o te mau tauiha\u2019a tama\u2019i \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b.<\/p> <p>\u2019Ua ha\u2019amauhia te P\u016b m\u0101\u2019imira\u2019a ito \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b (CEA) e de Gaulle t\u0101ne n\u014d t\u014dna mau hepohepo n\u014d te nu\u2019u fa\u2019ehau, ter\u0101 r\u0101 i te taime iho \u0101 \u2019a ha\u2019amauhia ai taua P\u016b ra, \u2019ua \u2019ore ato\u2019a te fa\u2019a\u2019ohipara\u2019a \u2019e tae noa atu i t\u014dna mana. Teie r\u0101, \u2019ua mono \u2019o Guillaumat t\u0101ne ia Dautry t\u0101ne, i te matera\u2019a atu teie, i te matahiti 1951, \u2019ei fa\u2019atere rahi, \u2019ua \u2019itehia mai e ana i te tahi r\u0101ve\u2019a n\u014d\u00a0te feruri i te mahu\u0101toa \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b\u00a0: tei raro a\u2019e te CEA i te fa\u2019aterera\u2019a a te peretiteni o te T\u014dmite rahi, e ti\u2019ara\u2019a t\u012bvira e ti\u2019am\u0101ra\u2019a t\u014dna i te pae o te fa\u2019aterera\u2019a \u2019e i te pae o te faufa\u2019a, tei fa\u2019a\u2019ohie i te mau ha\u2019am\u0101u\u2019ara\u2019a inaha, \u2019aita e faufa\u2019a e t\u012btau fa\u2019ahou i te ta\u2019ata hi\u2019opo\u2019a n\u014d te mau ha\u2019am\u0101u\u2019ara\u2019a. Hau atu, e f\u0101ri\u2019ihia te mau fa\u2019anahora\u2019a a te nu\u2019u fa\u2019ehau.<\/p> <p>I te tau fifi \u2019e te hepohepo, \u2019ua uiui haere \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne, ma te mau r\u0101ve\u2019a e rave rau, n\u014d te nu\u2019ura\u2019a o te ihi anoha\u2019a \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b. \u2019Ua ti\u2019a atu \u2019oia i te matahiti 1946 i te vauvaura\u2019a parau a te t\u0101pa\u2019o pae Ailleret t\u0101ne, <em><u>X \u2019e te \u00ab\u00a0\u2018\u014drurehau\u00a0\u00bb<\/u><\/em>, tei fa\u2019atere i te mauha\u2019a tama\u2019i ta\u2019a\u2019\u0113 o te nu\u2019u fa\u2019ehau \u2019e \u2019o tei f\u0101ri\u2019i pinepine i\u0101na \u2019ia tere \u2019oia n\u0101 Pari. E fa\u2019aarahia atu te t\u0113nerara e Olivier a Guichard t\u0101ne, ti\u2019a \u2019\u0101pe\u2019e i te arata\u2019ira\u2019a a de Gaulle t\u0101ne, e rohi i te CEA, i ni\u2019a i te feafeafau a te mau fa\u2019aterera\u2019a o te R\u0113p\u016bpir\u012bta n<sup>a <\/sup>4 i mua i te mana\u2019o fa\u2019ata\u2019ara\u2019a e fa\u2019ahitihia ra e Christian a Pineau t\u0101ne, fa\u2019aterehau n\u014d te mau \u2019ohipa \u2019e\u2019\u0113 a Guy Molet i te T\u014dmite o te p\u0101rurura\u2019a a te Hau i te 30 n\u014d \u2019\u0113per\u0113ra 1957 :\u00a0 \u201c 1\u00b0) E h\u0101mani \u0101nei t\u0101tou i t\u0101 t\u0101tou iho mau mahu\u0101toa 2\u00b0) \u2019Aore ra e fa\u2019a\u2019ohipa\u00a0 t\u0101tou i te mau mahu\u0101toa e h\u014dpoihia mai e v\u0113r\u0101 m\u0101, \u00a0te mea ia e fifihia ra, i teie taime, i te tao\u2019a p\u0101to\u2019ihia e te ture marite.\u201d [footnote] SHD, GR 2Q 26, p\u0101pa\u2019i n\u014d te 23 n\u014d m\u0101ti 1957 n\u0101 te t\u014dmite o te p\u0101ruru (CdD) n\u014d te 30 n\u014d \u2018\u0113per\u0113ra i te matahiti 1957 \u2019e \u2019\u0101r\u0101uru o teie t\u014dmite. [\/footnote]<\/p> <p>E piti noa taime t\u014d de Gaulle t\u0101ne h\u014dro\u2019ara\u2019a atu, i mua i te n\u016bna\u2019a, i t\u014dna mana\u2019o i ni\u2019a i te mahu\u0101toa \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b. I te 16 n\u014d m\u0101ti 1950, \u2019ua p\u0101hono atu \u2019oia i te tahi p\u0101pa\u2019i ve\u2019a mai te mea ra t\u0113 rohi ra \u2019oia, \u201c \u2019Aita t\u0101\u2019u e paura \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b. I roto i t\u014d t\u0101tou nei ao, i te tahi taime, t\u0113 t\u0101tarahapa nei au.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><\/a><\/p>\n[sidebar_references]\n<p>[section_separator title=\"Page 2\"]<\/p> <p>E maha matahiti i muri iho, i te uiui-ra\u2019a-hia atu i ni\u2019a i te \u2019\u014dpuara\u2019a o te <em>\u2019Autahira\u2019a \u2019Europa o te P\u0101rurura\u2019a<\/em>, \u2019ua ha\u2019ap\u0101p\u016b \u2019oia i t\u0101na p\u0101to\u2019ira\u2019a i te parau fa\u2019aau e \u2019\u0101mui ra i te mau nu\u2019u ato\u2019a, n\u0101 reira te mau nu\u2019u \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b ato\u2019a, n\u014d te fa\u2019ahepora\u2019a ti\u2019am\u0101 \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b.<\/p> <p>Te fa\u2019aaura\u2019a a te <em>CED <\/em>\u201cmai te peu e fa\u2019ari\u2019ihia te reira\u00a0e \u2019ore te mana o te fenua Far\u0101ni n\u014d te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 tau e 50 matahiti, te aura\u2019a ra, mai teie atu \u0113 a muri noa atu, i te f\u0101na\u2019ora\u2019a i\u0101na iho\u201d, e \u2019\u014dpani-roa-hia \u00efa \u201cte f\u0101na\u2019ora\u2019a i te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 noa a\u2019e mahu\u0101toa \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b\u201d.<\/p> <p>I nau \u2019\u0101va\u2019e hope\u2019a o te Mahara\u2019a o te R\u0113p\u016bpir\u012bta, \u2019ua fa\u2019atetei te fenua Marite \u2019ia ha\u2019aputuhia i ni\u2019a i te fenua Far\u0101ni, te tahi mau<em> t\u016bpita pao f\u0101ito tanotano (IRBM)<\/em> \u2019e te tahi mau mahu\u0101toa \u2019imi f\u0101 \u00ab\u00a0i p\u014dnao-piti-hia\u00a0\u00bb ma te p\u0101ruru h\u014dpe\u2019a i te mau mauiha\u2019a tama\u2019i \u2019e te fa\u2019aho\u2019ira\u2019a i te tahi turuturu autaea\u2019era\u2019a i ni\u2019a i te pat\u014dra\u2019a \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b n\u0101 raro i te moana, tei \u2019ore roa e p\u0101ruruhia e te <em>ture McMahon Act<\/em>.<\/p> <p>\u2019Ua fa\u2019ari\u2019ihia te fa\u2019ateteira\u2019a nei, i ha\u2019apurorohia i te <em>\u2019\u0101paraura\u2019a a te OTAN <\/em>i Pari mai te 16 \u2019e tae atu i te 19 n\u014d t\u012btema i te matahiti 1957.<\/p> <p>I te \u2019\u0101va\u2019e n\u014d fepuare n\u014d te matahiti 1958, \u2019ua m\u0101uruuru te p\u0101pa\u2019i parau rahi t\u0101mau o te p\u016b P\u0101rurura\u2019a a te hau (Fa\u2019aterera\u2019a hau o te P\u0101rurura\u2019a) i te mau \u201ct\u016br\u0113nira\u2019a i te pae o te \u2019\u0100t\u014dm\u012b\u201d : \u201c \u2019Ua fa\u2019atupu te mau t\u0101u\u2019aparaura\u2019a i arata\u2019ihia e t\u0101 t\u0101tou mau v\u0101na\u2019a tae noa atu i te mau v\u0101na\u2019a \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b Marite i te fa\u2019ahiahia n\u014d te mau anira\u2019a ha\u2019am\u0101ramaramara\u2019a i te pae o te \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b (v\u0101hi t\u0101matamatara\u2019a ha\u2019am\u0101o\u2019a t\u016bpita, pah\u012b hopu moana) [footnote] Putura\u2019a parau tahito o te fenua (AN, Pierrefitte), F\/60\/3023, ss dr \u00ab \u2019\u0100po\u2019ora\u2019a o te mahana maha 6 n\u014d fepuare \u00a0n\u014d te matahiti 1958 \u00bb, mau p\u0101pa\u2019i \u2018e \u00a0mau parau n\u014d te 2 n\u014d fepuare n\u014d te matahiti 1958. [\/footnote]. \u2019Ua vai \u2019amaha noa r\u0101 te mau ti\u2019a fa\u2019aoti Far\u0101ni i ni\u2019a i te parau o te \u2019\u014dpuara\u2019a n\u014d te tahi t\u016bpita Far\u0101ni. I te 6 n\u014d fepuare i te matahiti 1958, i te T\u014dmite o te p\u0101ruru, t\u0113 fa\u2019ari\u2019i nei \u2019o Pineau t\u0101ne \u00ab\u00a0e mana\u2019o fa\u2019ateitei mau te parau fa\u2019aineine \u2019ia fa\u2019ahi\u2019ohia atu \u2019ei mana\u2019o maita\u2019i te \u2019\u014dpuara\u2019a maitata\u2019i tei matara mai. E au ra e parau fafau huru t\u0101\u2019\u014dti\u2019a ri\u2019i teie\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p> <p>Mai te peu, t\u0113 hina\u2019aro ra \u2019o Pfimlin t\u0101ne (fa\u2019arava\u2019ira\u2019a faufa\u2019a \u2019e t\u0101pura faufa\u2019a) e h\u014dro\u2019a i te ti\u2019ara\u2019a faufa\u2019a m\u0101t\u0101mua o te tama\u2019i i te fenua \u2019\u0100reteria \u2019eiaha r\u0101 i te \u201ctama\u2019i t\u0101umi noa atu i te pitopito\u201d, t\u0113 mana\u2019o nei \u2019o Chaban t\u0101ne \u201c e \u2019ohipa hape mau i te t\u016b\u2019atira\u2019a atu i teie nei fa\u2019auera\u2019a (fenua \u2019Aret\u0113ria) \u2019e te vaiiho atu i te tahi atu mau \u2019ohipara\u2019a i te mau Hau t\u0101\u2019ati.\u00a0\u00bb T\u0113 nanau nei \u2019oia \u2019ia p\u0101pa\u2019ihia mai te tahi rata e fa\u2019ature nei i te ha\u2019aputura\u2019a o te mau ha\u2019am\u0101ramaramara\u2019a i h\u014dro\u2019ahia mai, ta\u2019a\u2019\u0113 atu i te hi\u2019o-fa\u2019ahou-ra\u2019a a te <em>ture McMahon Act<\/em>.<\/p> <p>Hou te hi\u2019ara\u2019a o te Hau, \u2019ua f\u0101ri\u2019i \u2019o F\u00e9lix a Gaillard t\u0101ne i te ha\u2019aputura\u2019a i te mahu\u0101toa Marite i te mana\u2019ora\u2019a i te tahi ti\u2019am\u0101ra\u2019a i roto i te mau \u2019aitauira\u2019a ha\u2019am\u0101ramaramara\u2019a i ni\u2019a i te \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b ma te ti\u2019aturi i te hi\u2019o-fa\u2019ahou-ra\u2019a i <em>te ture McMahon Act<\/em>, ma te \u2019ore e ha\u2019amute i te mau m\u0101\u2019imira\u2019a Far\u0101ni i ni\u2019a i te mahu\u0101toa \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b, \u2019\u0101re\u2019a r\u0101, \u2019ua tu\u2019urima ho\u2019i \u2019oia i te fa\u2019aotira\u2019a n\u014d te 22 n\u014d \u2019eper\u0113ra 1958 tei fa\u2019aoti i te f\u0101 nei, te t\u016bpitara\u2019a m\u0101t\u0101mua i te matahiti 1960.<\/p> <p>\u00a0<\/p> <p>\u00a0<\/p> <p><strong>Te ta\u2019ara\u2019a i te matahiti 1958 : \u201c \u2019Eiaha t\u0101tou e t\u0101mau i te \u2019ohipa \u2019\u0101mui i te pae o te \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b \u201d<\/strong><\/p> <p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p> <p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 I t\u014dna taera\u2019a i roto i te tumu \u2019ohipa, \u2019ua f\u0101f\u0101 atu \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne i te \u2019\u014dpuara\u2019a \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b Far\u0101ni \u2019e t\u014dna huru f\u0101ito i te fenua n\u014d \u2019Europa [footnote] Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Bozo, <em>Deux strat\u00e9gies pour l\u2019Europe : de Gaulle, les Etats-Unis et l\u2019Alliance Atlantique 1958-1969<\/em>, Plon\/Faufa\u2019a putu h\u014d Charles de Gaulle, 1996. [\/footnote] m\u0101. \u2019Ua fa\u2019atupu te parau fa\u2019aaura\u2019a Far\u0101ni-Heremani i tu\u2019urimahia i te 17 n\u014d t\u0113nuare n\u014d te matahiti 1957, \u00ab i te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 turuturu autae\u2019ara\u2019a o te mau atamanava fa\u2019ehau \u2019e t\u014d te mau moiha\u2019a tama\u2019i \u201d [footnote]\u00a0Beatrice Heuser, \u201cThe European dream of Franz Joseph Strauss\u201d, <em>Journa of European Integration History<\/em>, 3(1), 1998, \u2018api. 75-103. [\/footnote]. \u2019Ua fa\u2019anava\u2019ihia e te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 hono\u2019a parau huna, i te 8 n\u014d \u2019\u0113per\u0113ra n\u014d te matahiti 1958 o t\u0113 mito e 3 a\u2019e fenua t\u0113 fa\u2019ata\u2019a i te tahi faufa\u2019a n\u014d te p\u016b fa\u2019ata\u2019ara\u2019a hu\u2019ahu\u2019a \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b i Pierrelatte : e 45%, n\u0101 te fenua Far\u0101ni \u2019e te fenua Heremani, 10%<\/p>\n[sidebar_references]\n<p>[section_separator title=\"Page 3\"]<\/p> <p>n\u014d te fenua \u2019\u012at\u0101ria e te t\u0101tuha\u2019ara\u2019a \u2019aif\u0101ito, \u2019ia au te f\u0101ito \u2019aufaura\u2019a, i te \u2019urani\u016bmu hau n\u014d te h\u0101manira\u2019a i te t\u016bpita H. Te mana\u2019o \u2019o \u2019Europa, \u2019ei pa\u2019epa\u2019e i te turu Marite, e r\u0101ve\u2019a ato\u2019a \u00efa n\u014d te fa\u2019ahepo ia Washington n\u014d te hi\u2019o-fa\u2019ahou-ra\u2019a i te ture <em>McMahon Act<\/em>. Inaha ho\u2019i, i te \u2019\u014dmuara\u2019a o te matahiti 1958, rave rahi mau tere \u2019ohipa Far\u0101ni i tupu i ni\u2019a i te tahua t\u0101matamatara\u2019a ha\u2019am\u0101o\u2019a t\u016bpita i Nevada.<\/p> <p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E fa\u2019a\u0101tea \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne i\u0101na iho i teie \u2019\u014dpuara\u2019a a \u2019Europa. I te taime mau o te \u2019\u0101po\u2019ora\u2019a a te P\u016b P\u0101rurura\u2019a a te Hau i te 17 n\u014d tiunu n\u014d te matahiti 1958 [footnote] I ni\u2019a i te mana\u2019o i fa\u2019ahiti atu ai i taua rurura\u2019a ra i parau ai \u2019oia \u201c I te mana\u2019o ato\u2019a i t\u0101pe\u2019a-noa-hia e ana h\u014d\u2019\u0113 \u2019ahuru matahiti i te maoro i ni\u2019a i te \u014dra\u2019a mai \u2019o \u2018\u0100taranetita t i ni'a i te pupu t\u0101mau\u201d AN, 551AP\/13. T\u0101u\u2019aparaura\u2019a a te \u2019Atimarara Duval t\u0101ne \u2019e te ti\u2019ahau Jean-Marc a Boegner t\u0101ne. [\/footnote], \u2019ua fa\u2019ata\u2019ata\u2019a t\u0101mau \u2019oia i te parau : \u201c \u2019Eiaha t\u0101tou e t\u0101mau i te \u2019ohipa \u2019\u0101mui n\u014d te tuha\u2019a o te \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b, tuha\u2019a e ti\u2019a roa ia t\u0101tou i te p\u016btohe\u201d. \u2019Ua t\u0101hemo \u2019oia i te turuturu autaea\u2019era\u2019a \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b e \u2019o Ronetona \u2019e \u2019ua vaiiho ia Couve de Murville t\u0101ne, fa\u2019aterehau o te mau \u2019ohipa \u2019e\u2019\u0113, \u2019ia t\u0101hiti i te mau \u2019\u014dpuara\u2019a fenua ra\u2019itu\u0101ta\u2019a, h\u014d\u2019\u0113 t\u016bpita n\u014d \u2019Europa e t\u0101ta\u2019itoru te ataata : e ha\u2019afifi roa atu teie i te t\u0101h\u014d\u2019\u0113ra\u2019a o te Fenua Heremani ; e fa\u2019atupu i te tama\u2019i e te fenua R\u016btia; e ha\u2019afifi roa te tahi \u201c turuturu autaea\u2019era\u2019a \u00a0n\u014d teie tumu parau e te Fenua Marite\u201d [footnote] SGDSN, fa\u2019aotira\u2019a a te t\u014dmite p\u0101ruru o te 17 n\u014d tiunu n\u014d te matahiti 1958 [\/footnote]. \u2019Ei fa\u2019aotira\u2019a, e t\u016bmahae roa \u2019o Guillaumat t\u0101ne i te parau faufa\u2019a a Chaban t\u0101ne i ni\u2019a i te turuturu autaea\u2019era\u2019a fenua Far\u0101ni-fenua Heremani :\u2019aita te CEA e f\u0101ri\u2019i ra i te mana o te fa\u2019aaura\u2019a parau Strauss - Chaban-Delmas i ni\u2019a i te\u2019ohipa-\u2019\u0101mui-ra\u2019a i te tuha\u2019a o te paura \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b.\u201d<\/p> <p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 I te pae o te Marite, i taua \u2019\u0101po\u2019ora\u2019a ato\u2019a ra, \u2019ua fa\u2019ahepo \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne \u201c \u2019ia tu\u2019uhia i te mau tauiha\u2019a tama\u2019i i raro a\u2019e i te mana o te Hau Far\u0101ni\u201d \u2019e \u2019ia t\u016b\u2019atihia \u2019o Pari i n\u0101 pae \u201c ha\u2019api\u2019ira\u2019a \u2019e fa\u2019a\u2019ohipara\u2019a \u201d i te \u201c tupura\u2019a o te tama\u2019i \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b \u201d. T\u0113 p\u0101to\u2019i ra \u2019\u014dna i te mau fa\u2019ahope\u2019ara\u2019a poritita e fa\u2019atupuhia e te mau t\u016b\u2019ati-\u2018ore-ra\u2019a o te mau ihi anoha\u2019a, mai te tau o te fa\u2019aterera\u2019a i raro a\u2019e i te Maha o te R\u0113p\u016bpir\u012bta : \u201c \u2019Eiaha e ha\u2019amata mai tei raup\u0101hia mai, e hi\u2019o fa\u2019ahou mai r\u0101 mai te \u2019\u014dmuara\u2019a, \u2019ia fifi noa atu .\u201d\u2019Ua fa\u2019aau te t\u0101pura fa\u2019aotira\u2019a i te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 turuturu autaea\u2019era\u2019a i ferurihia mai te tahi auturuturu mai te mea ra e ti\u2019ara\u2019a ihi, e ti\u2019ara\u2019a poritita tuea t\u014d Washington \u2019e t\u014d Pari,\u2019e ti\u2019a roa te OTAN i te riro mai mai te tahi faufa\u2019a Far\u0101ni ma Marite :<\/p> <p>\u00a0<\/p> <ol start=\"3\"> <li>E ti\u2019a roa \u2019ia tomo atu t\u0101tou i roto i te fa\u2019anahora\u2019a o te atamanava o te tama\u2019i \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b,<\/li> <li>E ti\u2019a roa \u2019ia honohia te Fenua Far\u0101ni i te mau m\u0101\u2019imira\u2019a \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b Marite i te pae fa\u2019ehau,<\/li> <\/ol> <p>5. E ti\u2019a roa \u2019ia t\u016b ato\u2019a t\u0101tou ma te t\u0101\u2019\u014dti\u2019a \u2019ore i \u00a0roto i te fa\u2019anahora\u2019a o te\u00a0 ravera\u2019a SACEUR\u201d.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/p> <p>Maoti te ti\u2019ahau Jacques a Martin t\u0101ne tei t\u0101u\u2019aparau e rau \u2019\u0101va\u2019e e te fenua Marite, i t\u0101mau noa ai \u2019o De Gaulle t\u0101ne i te m\u0101ramarama noa i te nu\u2019ura\u2019a o te mau t\u0101u\u2019aparaura\u2019a. Mai te 02 n\u014d tiurai n\u014d te matahiti 1958, \u2019o Ronetona noa t\u0113 f\u0101na\u2019o i te hi\u2019o-fa\u2019ahou-ra\u2019a-hia i te <em>McMahon Act<\/em>\u00a0 tei fa\u2019anahohia n\u014d te mau p\u016bai fenua ato\u2019a i nu\u2019u i te pae o te \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b. Teie r\u0101, \u2019aore roa e fa\u2019auera\u2019a n\u014d te fa\u2019ahemora\u2019a [footnote] <em>Ibid<\/em> [\/footnote]<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\"> <\/a>[footnote] AN, 551AP\/13, t\u0101u\u2019aparaura\u2019a a Duval t\u0101ne r\u0101ua te ti\u2019ahau Jacques a Martin t\u0101ne i te 11 n\u014d tenuare 1989. [\/footnote] i fa\u2019ataehia ia Martin t\u0101ne ra. E t\u0101mata \u2019o De Gaulle t\u0101ne i te 5 n\u014d tiurai n\u014d te matahiti 1958, e te p\u0101pa\u2019i parau rahi Marite John Foster a Dulles t\u0101ne, i t\u014dna terera\u2019a mai i Pari. T\u0113 ha\u2019amana\u2019o ra \u2019o Couve t\u0101ne i te huru au maita\u2019i ma te t\u0101pa\u2019o i te mutura\u2019a o n\u0101 hi\u2019ora\u2019a e piti : n\u014d Dulles t\u0101ne e ti\u2019a roa \u2019ia manuia te maita\u2019i a te p\u016bai Marite, \u2019aita \u00efa te reira e fa\u2019ata\u2019a i te tahi p\u0101rahira\u2019a n\u014d te hina\u2019aro o te t\u0113nerara de Gaulle t\u0101ne i te \u2019\u012britira\u2019a mai i te fenua Far\u0101ni i taua fa\u2019a\u2019erera\u2019a\u00a0[footnote] Maurice Couve de Murville, <em>Une politique \u00e9trang\u00e8re. 1958-1969<\/em>, Plon, 1971, \u2018api. 30. [\/footnote] ra. T\u0113 fa\u2019atetei nei \u2019o Dulles t\u0101ne e piti t\u0101viri \u2019e te tahi tauturu i roto i te ha\u2019amaura\u2019a<\/p>\n[sidebar_references]\n<p>[section_separator title=\"Page 4\"]<\/p> <p>i te mau m\u0101tini \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b n\u014d te mau pah\u012b hopu n\u0101 raro i te moana. Te t\u0101pa\u2019o nei \u2019o De Gaulle t\u0101ne i te faufa\u2019a o te \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b fa\u2019ehau i roto i te t\u0101pura ha\u2019amara\u2019ara\u2019a i te\u00a0 fenua : \u201c Tei ni\u2019a t\u0101tou i te \u2019\u0113\u2019a \u2019ia riro t\u0101tou \u2019ei p\u016bai \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b, \u2019oia ho\u2019i, t\u0113 \u2019ore roa e t\u016b\u2019ati i t\u0101 \u2019outou \u2019aore ra t\u0101 R\u016btia. E \u2019ohipa \u2019\u0101va\u2019e noa teie. Tei p\u0101p\u016b r\u0101 : e fatu iho \u0101 m\u0101tou i te mahu\u0101toa \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b [footnote] DDF, 1958, n<sup>a<\/sup> 16, \u2019arauru o te mau t\u0101u\u2019aparaura\u2019a Far\u0101ni- Marite i te 5 n\u014d tiurai i te matahiti 1958,\u2019api. 24. [\/footnote]\u201d<\/p> <p>\u00a0<\/p> <p>\u00a0<\/p> <p><strong>Fa\u2019aotira\u2019a ti\u2019a \u2019e te mau hope\u2019ara\u2019a o te ta\u2019ara\u2019a : h\u014d\u2019\u0113 t\u016bpita \u2019Europa n\u014d te fa\u2019at\u012bani ia Washington ?<\/strong><\/p> <p>\u00a0<\/p> <p>\u2019Aita \u0101 \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne i f\u0101ri\u2019i atu ra i te mau rurira\u2019a ihi \u2019e te mau rurira\u2019a ihi anoha\u2019a e vai ra i rotop\u016b ia Washington r\u0101ua \u2019o Pari, t\u0113 ani ra \u2019oia i te tahi huru porititara\u2019a : \u2019ia mana te reo o te Fenua Far\u0101ni i ni\u2019a i te parau o te fa\u2019a\u2019ohipara\u2019a i te mau p\u016bai \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b i \u2019Europa [footnote] Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric a Gloriant, \u00ab\u00a0Te fa\u2019aaura\u2019a a Ronetona \u2018e \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne \u00a0n\u014d te tahi \u201cfa\u2019anahora\u2019a \u2018\u0101t\u014dm\u012b e toru tuha\u2019a\u201d n\u014d Tetepa 1958: te f\u0101ri\u2019ira\u2019a, te mau hope\u2019a, te t\u0101pa\u2019o\u00a0\u00bb, C\u00e9line a Jurgensen, Mongin, Dominique, dir., <em>R\u00e9sistance et Dissuasion. Des origines du programme nucl\u00e9aire fran\u00e7ais \u00e0 nos jours<\/em>, Odile a Jacob, 2018, \u2019api. 235-258. [\/footnote]. T\u0113 \u2019\u014dpua ra \u2019oia e ha\u2019amau i te tahi \u2019avei\u2019a \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b a te OTAN i rotop\u016b i te mau Hau p\u016bai e t\u016bpita t\u0101 r\u0101tou n\u014d te fa\u2019ata\u2019a \u2019\u0113 i te fenua Far\u0101ni i te toe\u2019a \u2019o \u2019Europa. \u2019Ua fa\u2019aturehia te reira mana\u2019o i roto i te tahi p\u0101pa\u2019i mana i te 17 n\u014d tetepa n\u014d te matahiti 1958. \u2019Aore r\u0101 \u2019o Ronetona, \u2019aore ato\u2019a \u2019o Washington i hina\u2019aro noa a\u2019e e \u2019\u012briti i t\u0101 r\u0101ua <em>Special Relationship <\/em>i te tahi mero hou. I muri atu i te matahiti 1960, e pati \u2019o Adenauer t\u0101ne i te ha\u2019amaura\u2019a i te tahi \u2019avei\u2019a e \u2019\u0101mui i n\u0101 Hau e 5, amouta\u2019a i\u00a0 fa\u2019aoti e fa\u2019a\u2019ohipa i te mahu\u0101toa \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b,\u00a0 i te p\u016b o te OTAN ; \u2019ua vaiiho noa \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne \u2019ia tupu, ma te ti\u2019aturi \u0113 e\u2019ita te Hau Purutia e hau atu i te maita\u2019i ia Far\u0101ni i\u00a0 te \u2019\u012britira\u2019a mai i te mau Peret\u0101ne mai roto mai i t\u0101 r\u0101tou pororua [footnote] SGDSN, \u2019arauru n\u014d te CdD n\u014d te 13 n\u014d tenuare 1961, \u2019api. 10. [\/footnote].<\/p> <p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\"><\/a><\/p> <p>.<\/p> <p>\u2019Aita e r\u0101ve\u2019a \u2019\u0113 atu t\u0101 de Gaulle t\u0101ne maoti r\u0101 te f\u0101ri\u2019ira\u2019a i te p\u0101to\u2019ira\u2019a o te fa\u2019atetei. I te rurura\u2019a n\u014d te p\u0101rurura\u2019a i tupu i te 31 n\u014d t\u0113nuare n\u014d te matahiti 1959, t\u0113 pe\u2019ape\u2019a ra \u2019oia i te ma\u2019irira\u2019a o te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 \u201c aupupu hau ti\u2019ama\u201d, tei tu\u2019u roa atu i te Fenua Far\u0101ni i mua i te tupura\u2019a o te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 tama\u2019i \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b tei \u2019ore roa i fa\u2019aotihia e ana. \u201c\u2019Aore ho\u2019i te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 fenua rahi e f\u0101ri\u2019i \u2019ia topa t\u014dna mana fa\u2019ata\u2019a i roto i te rima o te tahi atu fenua noa atu t\u014d r\u0101ua piri \u2019e t\u014d r\u0101ua fa\u2019atau\u2019ara\u2019a .\u201d\u00a0[footnote] SGSDN, CdD n\u014d te 31 n\u014d tenuare 1959. [\/footnote]I muri mai i teie ahata\u2019aria t\u014d te t\u0113nerara n\u014d\u00a0te f\u0113ti\u2019i de\u00a0Gaulle, ti\u2019a feruri i te fa\u2019a-ruri-\u2019\u0113-ra\u2019a mana\u2019o Far\u0101ni, e tano ai \u2019oia e na i teie fa\u2019atahurira\u2019a mai te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 m\u0101\u2019itira\u2019a ra\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0I raro a\u2019e i te fa\u2019aterera\u2019a a te Maha o te R\u0113p\u016bpir\u012bta, \u2019ua riro te hu\u2019ahu\u2019a \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b \u2019ei turu i te p\u016bai o te fa\u2019atau\u2019ara\u2019a. N\u014d te t\u0113nerara de Gaulle t\u0101ne, e\u2019ere roa atu te reira\u00a0: \u2019ua riro te hu\u2019ahu\u2019a \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b \u2019ei r\u0101ve\u2019a n\u014d te t\u0101u\u2019a-\u2019ore-ra\u2019a i te fa\u2019atau\u2019ara\u2019a.\u00a0\u00bb \u00a0<\/p> <p>I te t\u014dmite p\u0101rurura\u2019a n\u014d te 12 n\u014d novema n\u014d te matahiti 1958, e pae \u2019\u0101va\u2019e i muri atu i te ha\u2019amo\u2019era\u2019a i te \u2019\u014drama o te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 t\u016bpita \u2019Europa, \u2019ua ha\u2019amana\u2019o \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne i teie \u2019ohipa tano \u2019a \u0101tea noa atu ai te turu a te Marite. \u2019Ua fa\u2019ahepohia \u2019o Guillaumat t\u0101ne e vauvau atu i \u201c te mau faufa\u2019a \u2019e te mau fifi o te \u2019\u0101parau-fa\u2019ahou-ra\u2019a i teie tumu parau e te mau Heremani \u201d. \u2019Ua fa\u2019a\u0101tea te fa\u2019aterehau o te nu\u2019u i te t\u0101\u2019\u0101to\u2019ara\u2019a o te \u2019\u0101muira\u2019a i ni\u2019a i teie t\u016bpita, tei piri roa i te oti-hope-ra\u2019a, noa atu \u201c te t\u012ba\u2019ira\u2019a i te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 ho\u2019onara\u2019a t\u0113 t\u0101po\u2019i roa i te mau ha\u2019am\u0101u\u2019ara\u2019a \u2019e te fa\u2019atupura\u2019a. \u201d Teia r\u0101, n\u014d t\u014dna pe\u2019ape\u2019a i te t\u0101rifa o te t\u016bpita H, \u2019aita te fa\u2019aterehau \u2019\u0101p\u012b o te nu\u2019u e t\u0101hiti i te mana\u2019o e \u2019\u0101mui i te mau fa\u2019atupuha\u2019ara\u2019a faufa\u2019a n\u014d te mahu\u0101toa h\u0101manihia e te \u2019urani\u016bmu hau i Pierrelatte : \u00ab mai te peu pa\u2019i e vai te tahi tauturu p\u0101p\u016b mai te Fenua \u2019\u012at\u0101ria mai \u2019e te Fenua Heremani mai i roto i teie p\u016b hamanira\u2019a mahu\u0101toa \u00bb, e hamani \u2019oia i te mau mahu\u0101toa n\u014d \u2019Europa \u00bb\u00a0[footnote] SGSDN, CdD n\u014d te 12 n\u014d novema 1958, \u2019arauru, \u2019api. 18. [\/footnote]. \u2019Aita roa atu \u2019o Guillaumat t\u0101ne e \u2019ite i te tahi noa a\u2019e fifi \u2019ia au te hi\u2019ora\u2019a fa\u2019ehau \u201d \u2019e, i te pae poritita r\u0101, t\u0113 ani ra \u00efa \u2019\u014dna \u201c mai te peu e fa\u2019a\u2019\u014dhiehia t\u014d t\u0101tou pirira\u2019a atu \u00a0i n\u0101 tauiha\u2019a tama\u2019i<\/p>\n[sidebar_references]\n<p>[section_separator title=\"Page 5\"]<\/p> <p>Marite e toru \u201d. \u2019Aita \u2019o Couve t\u0101ne i fa\u2019ahiti noa a\u2019e i t\u014dna mana\u2019o, \u2019ua mam\u0101 \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne i te t\u0101u\u2019aparaura\u2019a.<\/p> <p>E mea iti te pe\u2019ape\u2019a \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne n\u014d te mau ha\u2019am\u0101u\u2019ara\u2019a, \u2019ia fa\u2019aauhia i te taime i fa\u2019ata\u2019ahia n\u014d te t\u012btau i te tahi p\u016bai tama\u2019i tano. N\u014d reira, i hea e tu\u2019u ai te faufa\u2019a o te t\u016btavara\u2019a\u00a0? Te t\u016bpita \u2019aore ra te mau matini uta mahu\u0101toa, e au n\u014d te fa\u2019aruri-\u2019\u0113-ra\u2019a mana\u2019o, ma te \u2019ite p\u0101p\u016b \u0113, e r\u0101ve\u2019a noa te Mirage IV, i ha\u2019amatahia i te hamani e te Hau n\u014d mua mai, t\u0113 riro i te fifi \u2019\u014dhie noa i mua i te mau \u2019enemi i te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 t\u016bpita e paohia \u00a0mai raro atu i te moana\u00a0? E fa\u2019ahu\u2019ahu\u2019a atu \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne i te mau tatarara\u2019a i te pae o te mau anoha\u2019a i mua i te t\u014dmite p\u0101ruru o te 13 n\u014d m\u0101ti i te matahiti 1959. \u00a0E ha\u2019am\u0101ramarama atu \u2019o Francis a Perrin t\u0101ne, te t\u014dmitera teitei n\u014d te CEA, i te mau tua t\u0113 \u2019ore roa e ti\u2019a i te ha\u2019ar\u014dromahia \u2019e tae atu ai i te t\u016bpita H\u00a0: E 23 \u2019e tae atu i te 25 kiro purutoni\u016bmu n\u014d te h\u0101mani i te tahi m\u0101tini e f\u0101ito i te hope\u2019ara\u2019a 15 kiro ana\u2019e. T\u0113 rave nei te putu uira G1, 10 i te matahiti h\u014d\u2019\u0113, te putu uira G2 r\u0101, tei taui i te \u2019\u0101va\u2019e n\u014d tiurai, e ha\u2019amata \u2019oia i te putu i te hope\u2019ara\u2019a o te matahiti 1959. \u2019Ua ani \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne i te maorora\u2019a i roto i te t\u012btaura\u2019a i te purutoni\u016bmu \u2019e te pa\u2019a\u2019inara\u2019a. T\u0113 fa\u2019a\u2019ite ra \u2019o Couture t\u0101ne, te fa\u2019atere tahito n\u014d Pierrelate, \u2019e mono ho\u2019i n\u014d Guillaumat t\u0101ne i te ti\u2019ara\u2019a t\u0101vana hau nui, i te f\u0101ito moni 2,5 \u2019e tae roa atu i te 3 miri\u0101 hau n\u014d te ha\u2019apa\u2019ari i te p\u0101no\u2019ono\u2019o \u2019ore o te \u2019ohipara\u2019a \u2019e n\u014d te t\u0101matara\u2019a i te \u2019ohi mai i te mau \u2019\u014dfa\u2019i \u00ab\u00a0scorie\u00a0\u00bb, \u2019ei reira e fa\u2019atupu ai i te t\u016bpitara\u2019a m\u0101t\u0101mua, e 3 \u2019\u0101va\u2019e i muri a\u2019e i te roa\u2019ara\u2019a mai te purutuni\u016bmu. Teie te fa\u2019aotira\u2019a a de Gaulle t\u0101ne, te t\u016bpita n\u0101 mua roa, noa atu e tauihia te t\u016b\u2019atira\u2019a i te p\u016bai tama\u2019i. Te poritita n\u0101 mua roa hou te fa\u2019anahora\u2019a n\u014d te fa\u2019atupu.<\/p> <p>\u00a0<\/p> <p><strong>1959 : te h\u0101ro\u2019ara\u2019a i te mau fa\u2019ahepora\u2019a o te ti\u2019am\u0101ra\u2019a<\/strong><\/p> <p>\u00a0<\/p> <p>I te \u2019\u014dmuara\u2019a o te matahiti, t\u0113 mara\u2019a noa ra te ti\u2019aturira\u2019a maoti te mau nu\u2019ura\u2019a a te CEA t\u0113 fa\u2019ahanahana ra i te f\u0101 o te ha\u2019apa\u2019a\u2019inara\u2019a paura \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b m\u0101t\u0101mua i te ha\u2019amatara\u2019a o te matahiti 1960. T\u0113 ha\u2019ati\u2019aturi noa ra teie hi\u2019ora\u2019a i te mea \u0113 e f\u0101na\u2019o te fenua Far\u0101ni i te hi\u2019o-fa\u2019ahou-ra\u2019a i te <em>McMahon Act<\/em>, \u2019ia au i te mau tu\u2019ura\u2019a i ravehia e te mau Peret\u0101ne, n\u014d te p\u016b\u2019oira\u2019a o te t\u0101pura \u2019ohipa, te t\u016bpita H \u2019e te mau m\u0101tini uta mahu\u0101toa. I te \u2019\u0101va\u2019e n\u014d t\u0113nuare 1959, e arata\u2019i roa teie mana\u2019o vare ia Guillaumat t\u0101ne i roto i te hape e 6 matahiti i te maoro i ni\u2019a i te puta t\u0101pa\u2019o mahana o te t\u016bpita H(1962) : \u201c E ha\u2019ap\u016boho mau a\u2019e te mau tohura\u2019a mai te peu e fa\u2019ari\u2019i, \u00a0i te taime mau i reira, n\u0101 roto i te tupura\u2019a, e riro mai te fenua Far\u0101ni \u2019ei P\u016bai \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b, te Fenua Marite, mai tei ravehia na n\u014d te Fenua Peret\u0101ne, e toro r\u0101tou i te tahi turu anoha\u2019a nava\u2019i n\u014d te rave-vitiviti-ra\u2019a, m\u0101 te ha\u2019am\u0101u\u2019ara\u2019a m\u0101m\u0101 a\u2019e, te h\u0101manira\u2019a i t\u0101 t\u0101tou mau tauiha\u2019a mahu\u0101toa ahu \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b\u00a0[footnote] SGDSN, CdD\u00a0 o te 31 n\u014d tenuare 1959 [\/footnote].<\/p> <p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2019Oia mau, i te \u2019\u0101va\u2019e n\u014d fepuare \u2019e te \u2019\u0101va\u2019e n\u014d m\u0101ti 1959, \u2019ua vaiiho noa \u2019o Washington i te ti\u2019aturira\u2019a i te tahi mau parau \u2019\u0101p\u012b. E iti te hina\u2019aro \u2019o te piha a te Hau e p\u0101to\u2019i i te mau rurira\u2019a moni. \u2019Ua fa\u2019anaho \u2019o Bertrand a Goldsmith t\u0101ne i te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 tere i te \u2019\u0101va\u2019e fepuare n\u014d te fa\u2019aaura\u2019a i te tahi m\u0101tini h\u014d ito \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b n\u014d te pah\u012b hopu n\u0101 raro i te moana \u2019e te ho\u2019ora\u2019a atu i te \u2019urani\u016bmu hau.\u00a0[footnote] Bertrand Goldschmidt, <em>Les rivalit\u00e9s atomiques<\/em>, \u2018api. 242 \u2018e Wilfrid L. Kohl, <em>French nuclear Diplomacy<\/em>, Princeton, Fare ha\u2019api\u2019ira\u2019a teitei n\u014d Princeton, Press, 1971, \u2018api. 88. [\/footnote] I ni\u2019a i taua mau fa\u2019aotira\u2019a ra te hau fenua i te fa\u2019aotira\u2019a e turumoni n\u014d te patura\u2019a i te p\u016b fa\u2019ata\u2019ara\u2019a hu\u2019ahu\u2019a \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b n\u014d Pierrelatte, noa atu \u0101 te mara\u2019ara\u2019a o t\u014dna moni ho\u2019o. \u2019Oi\u2019oi roa te mau moemoe\u0101 i te m\u0101ui : \u2019Ua t\u0101\u2019\u014dti\u2019a te firi\u2019a n\u014d te 7 n\u014d m\u0113 1959 i te turu Marite n\u014d te h\u0101manira\u2019a i te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 m\u0101tini pah\u012b hopu moana \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b \u2019e i te h\u0101ponora\u2019a i te \u201c h\u014d\u2019\u0113 i ni\u2019a i te toru rahira\u2019a o tei \u2019\u014dpuahia \u201d\u00a0[footnote] Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Bozo, <em>Op. cit.<\/em>, ma te tai\u2019o i te parau, \u00ab\u00a0N\u00e9gociations franco-atomiques pour les applications militaires de l\u2019\u00e9nergie atomique\u00a0\u00bb, 27 n\u014d novema 1959, MAE, Fa\u2019aaura\u2019a 1948-1960, n\u00b0254\u00a0 \u2018e \u00ab\u00a0Review of Negociation History of Mutual Defense Agreement with France of 1959\u00a0\u00bb, LBJL, Nat(ional Security File, Committee File, Committee on Nuclear Proliferation, carton 5 (\u2018aita e tai\u2019o mahana). Maurice Couve de Murville, <em>Une politique \u00e9trang\u00e8re 1958-1969,<\/em> Pari, Pion, 1971, \u2019api.\u00a062. [\/footnote]. \u2019Oia mau, i te reira taime, \u2019ua t\u0101pa\u2019o te t\u0113nerara i t\u014dna ti\u2019am\u0101ra\u2019a ma te fa\u2019aara, i te<\/p>\n[sidebar_references]\n<p>[section_separator title=\"Page 6\"]<\/p> <p>\u2019\u0101va\u2019e n\u014d m\u0101ti, i te \u2019\u012britira\u2019a o te nu\u2019u fa\u2019ehau Far\u0101ni mai te pupu o te mau fa\u2019atere o te OTAN n\u014d M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e.\u00a0<\/p> <p>Ma te \u2019ore e fa\u2019a\u2019ore roa i te turu a te Marite, \u2019ua t\u0101pa\u2019o maita\u2019i \u2019o de Gaulle t\u0101ne i te mau hope\u2019ara\u2019a poritita o teie \u2019\u014dmitomito. I te 25 n\u014d m\u0113 1959, \u2019ua fa\u2019aara \u2019o Eisenhower t\u0101ne \u0113 t\u0113 p\u0101to\u2019i nei \u2019\u014dna i te mana\u2019o e vaiiho mai i te mau tauiha\u2019a tama\u2019i \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b t\u0101 te Marite i p\u014dnao p\u0101p\u016b i te Fenua Far\u0101ni [footnote] Charles de Gaulle, <em>LNC<\/em> (1958-1960), \u2018api. 225-228. [\/footnote]. T\u0113 f\u0101ri\u2019i ra r\u0101 \u2019oia \u2019ia f\u0101na\u2019o te mau p\u016bai Far\u0101ni e ti\u2019a ra i te Fenua Heremani i te mau tauiha\u2019a tama\u2019i Marite. T\u0113 fa\u2019ati\u2019ati\u2019a noa ra \u2019oia i te turu-\u2019ore-ra\u2019a Marite. I te mea e f\u0101ri\u2019i \u2019oia ia Eisenhover t\u0101ne i te 3 n\u014d tetepa 1959, i Rambouillet, e fa\u2019ahiti atu \u2019oia i te tumu parau ra i roto i te mau t\u0101u\u2019aparaura\u2019a noa. N\u0101 roto i te tahi huru auparaura\u2019a, \u2019aita \u2019oia e fa\u2019ahiti ra i t\u014dna hina\u2019aro mau, e tupu r\u0101 ho\u2019i.\u00a0 \u00a0\u2019Ua \u2019\u014dm\u016bm\u016b \u2019\u014dna : \u201c E \u2019ohipa ma\u2019ama\u2019a paha \u00efa te ha\u2019am\u0101u\u2019ara\u2019a te fenua Far\u0101ni i teie tino moni n\u014d te heheu atu \u0113 e mau mea i \u2019ite-\u2019\u0113-hia na e te mau Hau t\u0101\u2019ati n\u0101 reira ato\u2019a te mau fenua t\u0113 riro mai \u0101nei \u2019ei \u2019enemi \u201d. \u2019Ua \u2019\u014dhumu \u2019\u014dna : \u201c \u2019A tau\u2019\u0101parau ana\u2019e na t\u0101tou i ni\u2019a i te Ture Mac-Mahon ! \u2019Ua ti\u2019a roa i\u0101\u2019u i te taui i te papa ture nui a te Fenua F\u0101rani i te taime \u2019a \u2019ite ai au, \u2019aita roa i au maita\u2019i.\u201d N\u014d te fa\u2019ahope, \u2019ua \u2019\u014drure \u2019oia : \u201c T\u0113 parau mai ra \u2019outou, e mea ataata n\u014d\u2019u \u2019ia \u2019ite i te mau mea t\u0101 te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 tauatini t\u0101porari r\u016btia i \u2019ite a\u2019e na. E\u2019ita vau e f\u0101ri\u2019i i te reira parau. E fa\u2019aherehere te Fenua Far\u0101ni i te hia\u2019ai o t\u014dna mana \u201d [footnote] Vernon A. Walters, <em>Silent mission<\/em>, Garden City, N.Y., Doubleday, 1978, \u2018api. 490. T\u0101\u2019u hurira\u2019a. [\/footnote]. E piti \u2019\u0101va\u2019e i muri mai, i te 3 n\u014d novema 1959, \u2019ua f\u0101\u2019i \u2019\u014dia i te Ha\u2019api\u2019ira\u2019a nu\u2019u fa\u2019ehau e ti\u2019a roa i te Fenua Far\u0101ni i te ha\u2019amau i t\u0101na iho fa\u2019anahora\u2019a n\u014d te p\u016bai nu\u2019u \u201d.<\/p> <p>Te tomora\u2019a atu te Fenua Far\u0101ni i roto i te hui \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b ma te t\u016bpita <em>Gerboise bleu<\/em>, i te 13 n\u014d fepuare 1960, t\u0113 p\u0101p\u016b r\u0101 \u00efa te mana\u2019o vare o te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 fa\u2019a\u2019\u0101p\u012bra\u2019a i te <em>McMahon Act<\/em> n\u014d te faufa\u2019a o te Fenua Far\u0101ni. T\u0113 mana\u2019o ra te huito\u2019of\u0101 Anderson t\u0101ne, \u2019oia e peretiteni ra i te <em>Joint Committee on Atominc Energy, <\/em>i taua taime ra, \u201c E\u2019ere te t\u0101matamatara\u2019a \u2019\u014dtahi i te nu\u2019ura\u2019a fa\u2019ahiahia faufa\u2019a roa \u201d [footnote] Wilfrid L. Kohl, <em>French Nuclear Diplomacy,<\/em> Fare ha\u2019api\u2019ira\u2019a teitei n\u014d Princeton, Press, 1971, \u2018api. 106. [\/footnote]. E \u2019ita roa atu te Fenua Far\u0101ni, tei ti\u2019a i te turu a te Marite, e f\u0101na\u2019o atu i te tahi noa a\u2019e turu, mai te parau a te p\u0101pa\u2019i parau a te Hau Herter t\u0101ne, e\u2019ita ato\u2019a i ni\u2019a i te ravera\u2019a o te mau t\u0101matamatara\u2019a i raro i te h\u014dhonura\u2019a o te fenua [footnote] FRUS, 1958-1960, Tuha\u2019a. VII, Tuha\u2019a 2, \u2018api. 334. [\/footnote].<\/p> <p>E\u2019ita teie fa\u2019atau-pup\u016b-ra\u2019a e fa\u2019atupu noa a\u2019e i te fa\u2019aotira\u2019a a te t\u0113nerara de Gaulle t\u0101ne e t\u0101mau i te t\u0101pura \u2019ohipa i fa\u2019ata\u2019ahia n\u014d te \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b \u2019e te ha\u2019amaura\u2019a i te mau v\u0101hi t\u0101matamatara\u2019a ha\u2019amao\u2019a t\u016bpita o t\u0101na e t\u012btau nei. H\u014d\u2019\u0113 tahua i raro i te fenua, n\u014d te te t\u016bpita A, ma te vitiviti ; h\u014d\u2019\u0113 ato\u2019a tahua ta\u2019a\u2019\u0113 i te \u0101tea n\u014d te t\u016bpita H, noa atu te t\u0101ere o te mau \u2019aiv\u0101na\u2019a \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b Far\u0101ni n\u014d taua \u2019ohipa ra (<u>de Gaulle t\u0101ne \u2019e te m\u0101\u2019itira\u2019a ia P\u014dr\u012bnetia<\/u>).<\/p> <p>\u00a0<\/p> <p>[Hoho\u2019a]<\/p> <p>\u00a0<\/p> <p><strong>PARAU HUNA P\u0100P\u016a<\/strong><\/p> <p>T\u0113 vai ato\u2019a ra te tahi mau fa\u2019anahora\u2019a p\u0101p\u016b n\u014d te fa\u2019atupu i te tahi ha\u2019apa\u2019a\u2019inara\u2019a ahu \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b t\u0101matamatara\u2019a i te hope\u2019a matahiti 1962 \u2019aore ra i te \u2019\u014dmuara\u2019a matahiti 1963.<\/p> <p>\u00a0<\/p> <p>I teie nei, e ti\u2019a \u2019ia ti\u2019aturihia \u0113, e fatu te fenua Far\u0101ni i te mahu\u0101toa ahu \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b mai te matahiti 1965. Ter\u0101 r\u0101, \u2019aita vau e ti\u2019aturi nei, i teie nei \u2019aore r\u0101 \u2019ia tae i te matahiti 1969, e noa\u2019a mai ia t\u0101tou i te tahi t\u016bpita pao \u2019\u014dmou \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b (IRBM) e ti\u2019a i te amo i te \u2019\u014dmou (ni\u2019ara\u2019a) Far\u0101ni.<\/p> <p>\u00a0<\/p> <p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u0113 \u2019ite nei t\u0101tou \u0113, mai te matahiti1964 \u2019e tae atu i te matahiti 1969, te manureva ana\u2019e te r\u0101ve\u2019a e fa\u2019a\u2019ohipa.<\/p>\n[sidebar_references]\n<p>[section_separator title=\"Page 7\"]<\/p> <p>N\u014d te reira, e \u014d mai te \u2019\u014dpuara\u2019a e h\u0101mani e 80 ti\u2019ahapa manureva ta\u2019ita\u2019i n\u014d te f\u0101na\u2019o i te h\u014d\u2019\u0113 rahira\u2019a e 50 manureva ineine noa.<\/p> <p>\u00a0<\/p> <p>I taua \u00a0taime ra, e t\u0101mau m\u0101tou, \u2019e te turu Marite, i te mau m\u0101\u2019imira\u2019a \u2019e\u00a0 te mau fa\u2019atanora\u2019a o te mau t\u016bpita pao f\u0101ito tano (IRBM) \u2019Europa e \u2019\u014dmou \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b Far\u0101ni, tei oti i te h\u0101manihia i te matahiti 1969, o te riro i te t\u0101\u2019\u014dti\u2019ahia i te f\u0101ito e 40 \u2019\u0113\u2019a fa\u2019arevara\u2019a.<\/p> <p>\u00a0<\/p> <p>E ha\u2019ap\u016boho tano a\u2019e teie \u2019\u014dpuara\u2019a mai te peu e fa\u2019ari\u2019ihia mai teie atu, \u2019ia au i te tupura\u2019a, \u2019ia riro mai te fenua Far\u0101ni \u2019ei P\u016bai \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b, te Fenua Marite, mai t\u0101 r\u0101tou i rave n\u014d te Fenua Peret\u0101ne, e horo\u2019a mai i te tahi turu anoha\u2019a nava\u2019i maita\u2019i n\u014d te ha\u2019atupu vitiviti roa, ma te ha\u2019am\u0101u\u2019ara\u2019a m\u0101m\u0101 a\u2019e, te h\u0101manira\u2019a i t\u0101 m\u0101tou mau mahu\u0101toa ahu \u2019\u0101t\u014dm\u012b .<\/p> <p>\u00a0<\/p> <p>\u2014-----------------------<\/p> <p>\u00a0<\/p> <p>P\u016b\u2019ohura\u2019a a te T\u014dmite P\u0101ruru n\u014d te 13 n\u014d m\u0101ti 1959 \u201cPoritita fa\u2019ehau tau roa : te mau t\u0101pura o te fa\u2019anahora\u2019a \u2019e o te mau mauha\u2019a tama\u2019i\u201d, \u2018api. 5. \u2019Ua vare \u2019o Guillaumat i ni\u2019a i te nu\u2019ura\u2019a o te mau m\u0101\u2019imira\u2019a n\u014d te t\u016bpita H,\u2019ua mana\u2019o mai \u2019\u014dna e hi\u2019opo\u2019ahia te Ture a McMahon \u2019ia ha\u2019apa\u2019a\u2019ina \u2019o Far\u0101ni i te t\u016bpita A, i te matahiti 1960.<\/p> <p>\u00a0<\/p>\n[sidebar_references]\n<ul><li><h4>Figure 1<\/h4><p>CR du Comit\u00e9 de d\u00e9fense du 13 mars 1959 \u00ab\u00a0Politique militaire \u00e0 long terme\u00a0: plans d\u2019organisation et d\u2019armement\u00a0\u00bb, p. 5. Guillaumat s\u2019illusionne sur l\u2019avancement de la recherche sur la bombe H en escomptant la r\u00e9vision du McMahon Act d\u00e8s que la France aura tir\u00e9 une bombe A, en 1960.<\/p> <a href=\"https:\/\/dictionnaire-cep.upf.pf\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/De-Gaulle-et-le-choix-d_une-bombe-francaise_Meltz_livraison.jpg\" data-rel=\"tb_ix20130\"> <img src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=%27http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg%27%20width='800'%20height='600'%20viewBox=%270%200%20800%20600%27%3E%3C\/svg%3E\" loading=\"lazy\" data-lazy=\"1\" data-tf-not-load=\"1\" style=\"background:linear-gradient(to right,#8c8f88 25%,#899193 25% 50%,#aeb4b4 50% 75%,#b4b9b5 75%),linear-gradient(to right,#a6aca8 25%,#a8b0b2 25% 50%,#b2b7bb 50% 75%,#636c75 75%),linear-gradient(to right,#a5adaf 25%,#adb5b7 25% 50%,#b4b9bc 50% 75%,#5b6370 75%),linear-gradient(to right,#a4abb1 25%,#acb4b7 25% 50%,#9aa2a4 50% 75%,#b5bbb9 75%)\" decoding=\"async\" data-tf-src=\"https:\/\/dictionnaire-cep.upf.pf\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/De-Gaulle-et-le-choix-d_une-bombe-francaise_Meltz_livraison-729x1024-800x600.jpg\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" title=\"Screenshot\" alt=\"Screenshot\"><noscript><img data-tf-not-load data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/dictionnaire-cep.upf.pf\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/De-Gaulle-et-le-choix-d_une-bombe-francaise_Meltz_livraison-729x1024-800x600.jpg\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" title=\"Screenshot\" alt=\"Screenshot\"><\/noscript> <\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<p>CR du Comit\u00e9 de d\u00e9fense du 13 mars 1959 \u00ab\u00a0Politique militaire \u00e0 long terme\u00a0: plans d\u2019organisation et d\u2019armement\u00a0\u00bb, p. 5. Guillaumat s\u2019illusionne sur l\u2019avancement de la recherche sur la bombe H en escomptant la r\u00e9vision du McMahon Act d\u00e8s que la France aura tir\u00e9 une bombe A, en 1960.<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/dictionnaire-cep.upf.pf\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/De-Gaulle-et-le-choix-d_une-bombe-francaise_Meltz_livraison.jpg\" data-rel=\"tb_ix20130\"> <img src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=%27http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg%27%20width='800'%20height='600'%20viewBox=%270%200%20800%20600%27%3E%3C\/svg%3E\" loading=\"lazy\" data-lazy=\"1\" data-tf-not-load=\"1\" style=\"background:linear-gradient(to right,#8c8f88 25%,#899193 25% 50%,#aeb4b4 50% 75%,#b4b9b5 75%),linear-gradient(to right,#a6aca8 25%,#a8b0b2 25% 50%,#b2b7bb 50% 75%,#636c75 75%),linear-gradient(to right,#a5adaf 25%,#adb5b7 25% 50%,#b4b9bc 50% 75%,#5b6370 75%),linear-gradient(to right,#a4abb1 25%,#acb4b7 25% 50%,#9aa2a4 50% 75%,#b5bbb9 75%)\" decoding=\"async\" data-tf-src=\"https:\/\/dictionnaire-cep.upf.pf\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/De-Gaulle-et-le-choix-d_une-bombe-francaise_Meltz_livraison-729x1024-800x600.jpg\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" title=\"Screenshot\" alt=\"Screenshot\"><noscript><img data-tf-not-load data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/dictionnaire-cep.upf.pf\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/De-Gaulle-et-le-choix-d_une-bombe-francaise_Meltz_livraison-729x1024-800x600.jpg\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" title=\"Screenshot\" alt=\"Screenshot\"><\/noscript> <\/a>","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dictionnaire-cep.upf.pf\/tah\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/notice-cep\/1869","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dictionnaire-cep.upf.pf\/tah\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/notice-cep"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dictionnaire-cep.upf.pf\/tah\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/notice-cep"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/dictionnaire-cep.upf.pf\/tah\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/notice-cep\/1869\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3896,"href":"https:\/\/dictionnaire-cep.upf.pf\/tah\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/notice-cep\/1869\/revisions\/3896"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dictionnaire-cep.upf.pf\/tah\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1876"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dictionnaire-cep.upf.pf\/tah\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1869"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dictionnaire-cep.upf.pf\/tah\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1869"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dictionnaire-cep.upf.pf\/tah\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1869"},{"taxonomy":"autrice--auteur","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dictionnaire-cep.upf.pf\/tah\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/autrice--auteur?post=1869"},{"taxonomy":"chronologie","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dictionnaire-cep.upf.pf\/tah\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/chronologie?post=1869"},{"taxonomy":"institution","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dictionnaire-cep.upf.pf\/tah\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/institution?post=1869"},{"taxonomy":"nom-commun","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dictionnaire-cep.upf.pf\/tah\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/nom-commun?post=1869"},{"taxonomy":"nom-propre","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dictionnaire-cep.upf.pf\/tah\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/nom-propre?post=1869"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}